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When you describe a specific, known noun using a relative clause (a clause starting with **che**, meaning "that" or "who"), you use the normal indicative mood. However, if you are describing a noun that is undefined, merely desired, or might not even exist, you must use the subjunctive mood.

You will frequently use this when searching for something with specific requirements—like a cozy venue or a late-night pub—without knowing if you will actually find it.

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Similarly, you use the subjunctive when asking if something matching your description exists.

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Finally, if you declare that no such thing exists, the thing you are describing is entirely non-existent. In Italian, you must use the subjunctive after negative expressions like **non conosco nessun** (I don't know any) or **non c'è nessuna** (there is no).

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Notice the subjunctive forms of regular verbs in these relative clauses. For verbs ending in *-ere* and *-ire* like **servire** (to serve) and **vendere** (to sell), the singular subjunctive ending is **-a** (e.g., **serva**, **venda**). For *-are* verbs, it is **-i**.

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Subjunctive in relative clauses (che abbia)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (il, la, l')

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
the venue / the place	il locale
nighttime / night	notturno
cozy / welcoming	accogliente
We must find a nighttime venue that is cozy.	Dobbiamo trovare un locale notturno che sia accogliente.
the dawn (f)	l'alba
Do you know a venue that stays open until dawn?	Conosci un locale che resti aperto fino all'alba?
no / not any (+ noun)	nessuno
to serve (food or drinks)	servire
the drink / the beverage	la bevanda
I don't know any nighttime venue that serves hot drinks.	Non conosco nessun locale notturno che serva bevande calde.
the pub	il pub
the beer	la birra
drunk	ubriaco
craft / artisanal	artigianale
We are looking for a pub that has craft beer.	Cerchiamo un pub che abbia birra artigianale.
the billiards / the pool table	il biliardo
Is there a pub here that has a billiards table?	C'è un pub qui che abbia un biliardo?
Do you know if there is a bar that makes excellent snacks?	Sai se c'è un bar che faccia ottimi spuntini?
I want a cozy bar that does not close before dawn.	Voglio un bar accogliente che non chiuda prima dell'alba.
Can you recommend a venue to me that is quiet?	Mi puoi consigliare un locale che sia tranquillo?
We are looking for a room that has a billiards table.	Cerchiamo una sala che abbia un biliardo.
I want a drink that is not too cold.	Voglio una bevanda che non sia troppo fredda.
the nightclub / the disco	la discoteca
We have to find a nightclub that plays good music.	Dobbiamo trovare una discoteca che metta buona musica.
There is no nightclub here that is open until dawn.	Non c'è nessuna discoteca qui che sia aperta fino all'alba.
I am looking for a supermarket that sells cold beer.	Cerco un supermercato che venda birra fredda.
I am looking for a pub that serves craft beer.	Cerco un pub che serva birra artigianale.
After five beers, the man is drunk.	Dopo cinque birre, l'uomo è ubriaco.
I am not drunk: I only drink water!	Non sono ubriaco: bevo solo acqua!

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