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### The Future Tense of Double-R Verbs

Some irregular verbs take the stem-dropping pattern you learned previously one step further. When forming the *futuro semplice*, these verbs contract so much that they develop a double **rr** in their stem.

The standard future endings (**-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno**) attach directly to these new double-R stems.

Here are the most common double-R verbs you will use:

| Verb | Future Stem | io | tu | lui/lei | noi | voi | loro |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **bere** (to drink) | berr- | berrò | berrai | berrà | berremo | berrete | berranno |
| **tenere** (to keep) | terr- | terrò | terrai | terrà | terremo | terrete | terranno |
| **venire** (to come) | verr- | verrò | verrai | verrà | verremo | verrete | verranno |
| **volere** (to want) | vorr- | vorrò | vorrai | vorrà | vorremo | vorrete | vorranno |

When setting strict fitness goals, you will often use the future tense of **volere** to declare what you will want to achieve, whether that requires a strict **dieta** (diet) or a daily **sforzo** (effort).

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Likewise, use **venire** to commit to when you will show up to the gym.

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To reach your target **peso** (weight), you might need to reconsider what you drink. Use the future tense of **bere** to declare your healthy new habits.

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Finally, use **tenere** (to keep) when discussing how you will maintain your progress, stick to your **esercizio** (exercise), and build strong muscles (**il muscolo**).

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Future tense of double-R verbs (berrò, vorrò)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (il, la, l')

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
the diet	la dieta
I will want to follow a strict diet.	Vorrò seguire una dieta severa.
the weight	il peso
healthy	sano
She will want to lose weight with a healthy diet.	Lei vorrà perdere peso con una dieta sana.
We will come to the gym every morning.	Noi verremo in palestra ogni mattina.
the alcohol (m)	l'alcol
Alcohol? I will not drink it anymore.	L'alcol? Non lo berrò più.
the effort	lo sforzo
daily	quotidiano
You will want to make a daily effort.	Tu vorrai fare uno sforzo quotidiano.
constant / steady	costante
A constant effort is more important than a diet.	Uno sforzo costante è più importante di una dieta.
Will you want to train at the gym?	Lei vorrà allenarsi in palestra?
Constant training is important.	L'allenamento costante è importante.
He will come to the gym to train.	Lui verrà in palestra per allenarsi.
I will want to be stronger.	Io vorrò essere più forte.
We will not drink alcohol anymore.	Non berremo più alcol.
Nobody will drink alcohol at the gym.	Nessuno berrà alcol in palestra.
to keep / to hold	tenere
I will keep a healthy diet for my weight.	Terrò una dieta sana per il mio peso.
the muscle	il muscolo
the exercise (m)	l'esercizio
I will keep the muscles strong with daily exercise.	Terrò i muscoli forti con l'esercizio quotidiano.
Marco will want to do the exercise for the muscle.	Marco vorrà fare l'esercizio per il muscolo.
the gymnastics; the workout	la ginnastica
Exercise is good for your health.	La ginnastica fa bene alla salute.
The workout gives me energy.	La ginnastica mi dà energia.
to do gymnastics, to exercise	fare ginnastica
I exercise three times a week.	Faccio ginnastica tre volte alla settimana.
Shall we exercise together at the gym?	Facciamo ginnastica insieme in palestra?
sporty, athletic	sportivo
My brother is very sporty: he runs every day.	Mio fratello è molto sportivo: corre ogni giorno.
I always wear sports shoes.	Porto sempre scarpe sportive.
the shape, the form (essere in forma = to be in shape)	la forma
I walk every day and I am in shape.	Cammino ogni giorno e sono in forma.
The cake has a strange shape.	La torta ha una forma strana.

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