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### Implicit Declarative Clauses: "Di" + Infinitive

When reporting a candidate's skills, you often express what someone says, thinks, or knows. 

In English, we usually use "that" to connect these ideas (e.g., "He says *that* he is qualified"). In Italian, when the subject of the main verb is the **same** as the subject of the reported action, use an implicit declarative clause. Instead of conjugating the second verb, connect the main verb to the infinitive using **di**.

This applies to verbs of thinking (like *credere*), knowing (*sapere*), and communicating (*dire*, *sostenere*, *dichiarare*, *affermare*).

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If you are reporting multiple actions, repeat **di** before each infinitive verb.

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This pattern smoothly combines with other verbs that take **di** + infinitive, such as *decidere di* (to decide to).

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Declarative clauses with infinitives (di + infinitive)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
recommendation	la raccomandazione
I know the candidate well, so I am writing him this letter of recommendation.	Conosco bene il candidato, quindi gli scrivo questa lettera di raccomandazione.
reference	la referenza
I believe I have an excellent reference.	Credo di avere un'ottima referenza.
qualified	qualificato
I am writing an excellent reference because the candidate declares to be very qualified.	Scrivo un'ottima referenza perché il candidato dichiara di essere molto qualificato.
He is not a beginner; on the contrary, he knows he is qualified.	Non è un principiante, anzi, sa di essere qualificato.
to excel	eccellere
He claims to excel in mathematics.	Sostiene di eccellere in matematica.
proactive	intraprendente
He says he is proactive and excels in his sector.	Dice di essere intraprendente e di eccellere nel suo settore.
to supervise	supervisionare
You should hire this proactive girl to supervise the factory.	Dovresti assumere questa ragazza intraprendente per supervisionare la fabbrica.
productivity	la produttività
He promises to supervise the group well and to increase productivity.	Promette di supervisionare bene il gruppo e di aumentare la produttività.
Could you explain to me how to improve productivity?	Potresti spiegarmi come migliorare la produttività?
potential	il potenziale
to praise	elogiare
The director claims to recognize the boy's potential and decides to praise him.	Il direttore afferma di riconoscere il potenziale del ragazzo e decide di elogiarlo.
dedication	la dedizione
The professor never stops praising your dedication.	Il professore non smette mai di elogiare la tua dedizione.
We know we have the necessary dedication and potential.	Sappiamo di avere la dedizione e il potenziale necessari.
The candidate says he has an excellent recommendation.	Il candidato dice di avere un'ottima raccomandazione.