Icelandic expands its vocabulary using highly productive prefixes. Two of the most useful for describing social connections and past experiences are sam- (co-, shared) and endur- (re-, again).
Togetherness and Sharing (sam-)
The prefix sam- attaches to nouns to indicate a shared state, mutual association, or togetherness. For example, adding it to a word for a class or student creates the terms for a classmate (sambekkingur) or a fellow graduate (samstúdent).
It is also used to form abstract nouns about communal experiences, such as group cohesion (samheldni) or a shared moment of time together (samverustund).
Restoring and Returning (endur-)
The prefix endur- means "again" or "re-". It attaches to both nouns and verbs to describe returning to a place, repeating an action, or restoring a previous state. When catching up with old classmates, you might have a reunion (endurfundur) or celebrate a return (endurkoma).
Rekindling the Past
Because endur- can be attached to almost any action, it is incredibly useful for talking about looking back. You can rekindle (endurvekja) an old friendship, rediscover (enduruppgötva) a forgotten hobby, or simply re-evaluate (endurmeta) a situation.
This prefix applies to our memories as well. A reminiscence or recollection is an endurminning (a "re-remembering").