Зарплата хороша.

In Ukrainian, the present-tense verb to be is usually omitted.

So:

• Зарплата хороша. = The salary is good.

This is completely normal and grammatical.
If you translated word-for-word into English, it would look like Salary good, but in natural English we add is.

Because хороша has to agree with зарплата.

• зарплата is a feminine singular noun
• the adjective must also be feminine singular
• so хороший becomes хороша

A few forms of хороший are:

• masculine: хороший
• feminine: хороша
• neuter: хороше
• plural: хороші

So:

• зарплата хороша — salary is good
• день хороший — the day is good
• море хороше — the sea is good
• умови хороші — the conditions are good

A very common clue is the ending -а.

Many Ukrainian nouns ending in -а or -я are feminine, and зарплата is one of them.

Because it is feminine, any adjective describing it in the singular nominative will also usually take a feminine form:

• добра зарплата
• висока зарплата
• хороша зарплата

Of course, there are exceptions in the language, but for зарплата, feminine is the correct gender.

Yes, you can say Хороша зарплата, but it means something slightly different in structure.

• Зарплата хороша. = The salary is good.
  This is a full sentence: noun + predicate adjective.

• Хороша зарплата = a good salary / good salary
  This is just a noun phrase, not usually a complete sentence by itself.

So the position changes the function:

• before the noun: the adjective directly describes the noun
• after the noun: it often works as the main statement in the sentence

Yes, it is grammatical and understandable.

It sounds like a simple statement evaluating the salary:

• Зарплата хороша.
• Зарплата не дуже хороша.
• Зарплата справді хороша.

That said, in everyday speech, Ukrainians may also very often say things like:

• Зарплата добра.
• У мене хороша зарплата.
• Це хороша зарплата.

So your sentence is correct, but depending on context, other versions may sound more common or more specific.

Зарплата means salary, pay, or wages, depending on context.

It is short for заробітна плата, which is a more formal full expression meaning remuneration or wage/salary payment.

In everyday speech, зарплата is extremely common and natural.

Examples:

• У мене маленька зарплата. — I have a low salary.
• Коли буде зарплата? — When will the salary be paid?
• Висока зарплата — a high salary

So yes, in this sentence, salary is a very good translation.

A simple English-friendly approximation is:

zar-PLA-ta kho-ro-SHA

A few helpful notes:

• з = like z
• рпл in зарплата is a consonant cluster, so say it carefully: zar-pla-ta
• stress in зарплата is on -пла-
• х is not an English h exactly; it is more like the ch in Scottish loch or German Bach
• stress in хороша is on the last syllable: хорошА

A more precise pronunciation guide would be roughly:

[zɑrˈplɑtɑ xoroˈʃɑ]

Ukrainian does not have articles like a/an or the.

So Зарплата хороша can literally just mean salary is good, and English has to choose the best natural translation from context.

Usually, in isolation, English speakers will translate it as:

• The salary is good.

But depending on the situation, it could also be understood more generally.

Context tells you what is meant, not an article.

Yes. All three can be translated as good in some contexts, but they are not always identical.

• хороша = good
• добра = good, kind, favorable; often very natural for quality or conditions
• гарна = nice, pretty, pleasant, attractive; sometimes also good

For salary, добра зарплата is often very natural.
Гарна зарплата can also be used and often means something like a nice salary.
Хороша зарплата is also understandable and correct.

So:

• Зарплата хороша. — The salary is good.
• Зарплата добра. — The salary is good.
• Зарплата гарна. — The salary is nice/good.

The differences are mostly about nuance and style, not basic grammar.

Both words are in the nominative singular.

• зарплата — nominative singular feminine noun
• хороша — nominative singular feminine adjective

This happens because хороша is functioning as a predicate adjective with an omitted present-tense to be.

So the structure is basically:

• [subject] + [adjective]
• Зарплата + хороша

If you changed the sentence in a way that required another case, the forms could change, but in this simple statement, nominative is the normal form.

Grammatically, you may sometimes see є, but in a simple present-tense sentence like this, it is usually omitted.

So:

• natural: Зарплата хороша.
• less natural in most everyday contexts: Зарплата є хороша.

In modern Ukrainian, є is more often used when you want to emphasize existence or structure a sentence in a particular way, not just as a routine equivalent of English is.

So for a learner, the best default is:

• Зарплата хороша. not Зарплата є хороша.