У цій квартирі є де працювати, бо біля вікна стоїть великий стіл.

Because у meaning in requires the locative case here.

• ця квартира = this apartment in the dictionary form
• After у / в for location, it becomes:
  • цій = locative singular of ця
  • квартирі = locative singular of квартира

So:

• ця квартира = this apartment
• у цій квартирі = in this apartment

This is a very common pattern in Ukrainian:

• у цій кімнаті = in this room
• у великому місті = in a big city

Both у and в can mean in here. Ukrainian often switches between them for ease of pronunciation and smoother sound.

So both are possible:

• У цій квартирі...
• В цій квартирі...

In many contexts, у sounds smoother before a consonant cluster, but this is mostly about euphony, not a change in meaning.

Literally, є де працювати means something like there is where to work, but natural English is:

• there is somewhere to work
• there is a place to work

This is a very useful Ukrainian pattern:

• є де + infinitive

It means there is a place / opportunity / possibility to do something.

Examples:

• Є де сісти. = There is somewhere to sit.
• Є де поїсти. = There is somewhere to eat.
• Немає де спати. = There is nowhere to sleep.

Here:

• є = there is
• де = where / somewhere
• працювати = to work

So the whole phrase means there is somewhere to work.

Yes, де often means where in a question:

• Де стіл? = Where is the table?

But it is also used in constructions like є де..., where it does not ask a question. Instead, it means a place where or somewhere to.

So:

• є де працювати = there is somewhere to work
• нема де сісти = there is nowhere to sit

This is similar to English expressions like:

• somewhere to go
• nowhere to park

Because after є де Ukrainian normally uses the infinitive.

The idea is:

• there is somewhere to work
• there is somewhere to sit
• there is somewhere to study

So the infinitive names the action in a general way.

Examples:

• Є де вчитися. = There is somewhere to study.
• Є де відпочити. = There is somewhere to rest.
• Немає де поставити велосипед. = There is nowhere to put the bicycle.

Yes. Both can mean because.

• бо = because
• тому що = because

In this sentence, бо is shorter and a bit more conversational.
So these are both possible:

• ...бо біля вікна стоїть великий стіл.
• ...тому що біля вікна стоїть великий стіл.

The meaning is basically the same.

Because біля meaning near / by requires the genitive case.

The noun is:

• вікно = window

After біля, it becomes:

• вікна = genitive singular

So:

• біля вікна = near the window / by the window

Other examples:

• біля дому = by the house
• біля школи = near the school

Ukrainian often uses verbs of position more naturally than English does.

• стоїть = stands
• лежить = lies
• сидить = sits

For furniture like a table, стоїть is normal:

• Біля вікна стоїть стіл. = A table stands by the window.

In natural English, we usually just say there is a table or a table is by the window, but Ukrainian often prefers stands when describing where objects are placed.

You could say:

• Біля вікна є великий стіл

But стоїть sounds more vivid and natural when describing furniture in a space.

It is in the nominative case, because it is the subject of стоїть.

• стіл = table
• великий = big, masculine singular nominative
• стіл = masculine singular nominative

The adjective agrees with the noun:

• masculine singular nominative: великий стіл
• feminine singular nominative: велика кімната
• neuter singular nominative: велике вікно

Both are possible, but the word order changes the emphasis a little.

• Біля вікна стоїть великий стіл
  This starts with the location, so it feels like setting the scene.

• Великий стіл стоїть біля вікна
  This starts with the table itself, so the table is more prominent.

Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English word order, and speakers often move elements around for emphasis, rhythm, or information structure.

Because бо introduces a subordinate clause meaning because.

The sentence has two parts:

• У цій квартирі є де працювати
• бо біля вікна стоїть великий стіл

In Ukrainian, clauses linked by бо are normally separated by a comma.

In the present tense, Ukrainian often omits є when it means ordinary is/are:

• Це моя книга. = This is my book.
• Стіл великий. = The table is big.

But in existential phrases like this one, є is usually kept because it means there is / there are.

So:

• У цій квартирі є де працювати = There is somewhere to work in this apartment.

Without є, the sentence would sound incomplete or unnatural here.

Працювати most basically means to work, but depending on context it can be fairly broad.

In this sentence, it suggests a place suitable for doing work, such as:

• office work
• studying
• working on a computer
• writing

Because the reason given is a big table by the window, the idea is that the apartment has a convenient workspace.

So the meaning is not only to be employed there, but more generally to do work there comfortably.