Learn Hardcore Ukrainian: Вона стоїть у черзі до каси з курткою та чеком. - She stands in the queue to the cashier with the jacket and the receipt.

Use у when it would otherwise create a heavy consonant cluster. Here, стоїть ends with a consonant and черзі begins with one, so у breaks the cluster nicely: …ть у ч….
в черзі is possible, just a bit heavier to pronounce in this spot.

Which case is черзі, and why is it used after у?

Черзі is Locative singular. With в/у meaning in/at (static location), Ukrainian uses the Locative: стояти у черзі = to be in a line. If there were movement into the line, you’d use Accusative: стати в/у чергу (to get in line).

Why does черга become черзі (г → з)?

That’s a regular consonant alternation before the Locative ending -і: г → з, к → ц, х → с. Examples:

нога → на нозі
книга → у книзі
рука → у руці
вухо → у вусі So черга → у черзі is the same pattern.

Why is it до каси and not в касу here?

До means to/toward a point and takes Genitive, so it’s perfect for saying the line leads to the register: до каси. В касу means into the register or at the cashier’s (in other contexts like платити в касу = pay at the cashier’s). With queuing, черга до каси is the standard collocation.

Why каси and not каса?

Because до requires the Genitive case. Каса (Nom.) → каси (Gen. sg.).

What does з in з курткою та чеком mean, and which case follows it?

Here з means with (accompaniment) and takes the Instrumental case: з курткою, з чеком. Note: з with Genitive means from/out of (e.g., з Києва).

Are з, із, and зі interchangeable here?

Yes—they’re euphonic variants of the same preposition. Choose the one that sounds smoothest:

з курткою is perfectly fine.
Before sibilants or tricky clusters, many prefer із/зі; e.g., із чеком often sounds smoother than з чеком. All are acceptable.

Which case are курткою and чеком, and why do the endings differ?

Both are Instrumental singular (after з meaning with). The endings differ by gender/declension:

Feminine куртка → курткою (-ою ending).
Masculine чек → чеком (-ом ending).

Why use та instead of і? Can I use і?

Та and і both mean and. Та is a stylistic/euphonic alternative and is very common in writing. You can absolutely use і here. After a vowel, і often appears as й: you might write …курткою й чеком.

Does word order allow moving з курткою та чеком?

Yes. Ukrainian word order is flexible. For example:

Вона з курткою та чеком стоїть у черзі до каси.
У черзі до каси вона стоїть з курткою та чеком. All are grammatical; placement affects emphasis slightly. No commas are required unless you make it parenthetical.

Can I drop вона?

Often yes. Ukrainian can omit subject pronouns when the verb form makes the subject clear. Стоїть у черзі до каси з курткою та чеком is grammatical, but without prior context it may feel fragmentary or stylistically neutral/elliptical.

How do you pronounce ї in стоїть?

The letter ї is always pronounced as y + i ([ji]). Стоїть sounds like [sto-JEET], with stress on the last syllable.

Does стоїть correspond to both English she stands and she is standing?

Yes. Ukrainian present tense covers both simple and continuous meanings, so вона стоїть can mean either, depending on context.

Could I say вона стоїть у черзі за курткою? How does that differ from з курткою?

Yes, but it changes the meaning:

…з курткою… = with a jacket (she has it).
…за курткою… = for a jacket (she is queuing in order to get/buy one). За
- Instrumental often expresses purpose/seeking.

What’s the difference between черга and ряд?

Черга = a queue/line of people waiting their turn.
Ряд = a row/line in the sense of an arrangement (seats, soldiers, shelves), not a queue of people waiting.

Could I use біля каси instead of до каси?

That would mean near the register, not a queue leading to it. Стоїть біля каси = she is standing near the cashier, with no implication of queuing.