Breakdown of Син і дочка граються разом у саду.
в
in
і
and
разом
together
сад
the garden
син
the son
дочка
the daughter
гратися
to play
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Questions & Answers about Син і дочка граються разом у саду.
Why is the verb граються in the plural form and not singular?
The subject син і дочка refers to two people, so the verb must agree in the 3rd person plural. In Ukrainian, a compound subject like син і дочка requires a plural verb form, hence граються (вони граються).
What is the function of the suffix -ся in граються?
The suffix -ся makes the verb reflexive or intransitive. гратися means “to play for amusement,” especially for children. Without -ся, грати can be transitive (“to play something,” e.g., play the piano) or a general intransitive (“to play a game”), but гратися highlights that they are playing around or having fun.
Why is the preposition у used before саду, and not в?
Ukrainian uses в and у both to mean “in,” but for ease of pronunciation: use в before words beginning with a vowel (e.g., в Україні), and у before words beginning with a consonant (e.g., у саду).
What case is саду in, and why?
саду is in the locative case (also called the prepositional). After the preposition у, nouns take the locative to mean “in the ….” For masculine nouns ending in a consonant (like сад), the singular locative ending is -у, so сад → саду.
Why is і used to connect син and дочка, not й?
Ukrainian has two conjunctions meaning “and”: і and й. і is used before words beginning with a consonant (like дочка), while й is a euphonic variant used before words starting with a vowel (e.g., син й онука).
What does разом mean, and how is it used here?
разом is an adverb meaning together. It does not change form (it’s indeclinable) and modifies the verb граються, indicating that the children are playing jointly.
Can you omit разом, and what would change?
Yes, you can say Син і дочка граються у саду. It’s still correct and clear. Omitting разом simply removes the emphasis on “together,” which is often implied when two people are mentioned anyway.
Could you use грають instead of граються, and what’s the difference?
Yes: Син і дочка грають у саду is also correct. The difference is subtle: гратися (with -ся) emphasizes playful activity or amusement (common for kids), while грати (without -ся) is more general (“to play a game,” a sport, or an instrument). Both convey that the kids are playing, but гратися sounds more “they’re fooling around having fun.”