Я чекаю друга вже десять хвилин.

I have been waiting for a friend for ten minutes already.

Breakdown of Я чекаю друга вже десять хвилин.

• я: I
• друг: the friend
• чекати: to wait
• вже: already
• десять: ten
• хвилина: the minute

Questions & Answers about Я чекаю друга вже десять хвилин.

What tense and aspect is the verb чекаю, and how does Ukrainian express the English “have been waiting”?

чекаю is present tense, imperfective aspect. In Ukrainian, ongoing actions like “I have been waiting” use the imperfective present:

• Я чекаю = “I am waiting” or “I have been waiting” (context tells you how long).
  To stress the duration, you add a time phrase, often with вже (“already”).

Why does друга end in -а? Which case is it?

друга here is the accusative case (direct object). In Ukrainian, masculine animate nouns form the accusative exactly like the genitive. So:

• Nominative: друг (“friend”)
• Accusative (animate): друга

Does the verb чекати require a preposition before its object, as in English “wait for”?

No. чекати is a transitive verb meaning “to wait (for).” You simply put its object in the accusative (animate) without any preposition:

• Чекаю друга = “I’m waiting for a friend.”

What does вже mean, and why is it used here?

вже means “already.” In this sentence, it emphasizes that the waiting has continued up to now, making it equivalent to English “have already been waiting.” Placement is flexible, but it usually sits before the time expression or verb.

What is the difference between ще and вже?

• ще = “yet” or “still” (used when expecting continuation):
  – Я ще чекаю = “I’m still waiting.”
• вже = “already” (used when something has continued up to now, often beyond expectation):
  – Я вже чекаю = “I’ve already been waiting.”

Why is it десять хвилин and not десять хвилини?

After numerals from five up to twenty, the counted noun takes the genitive plural. For хвилина:

• Genitive plural = хвилин
  So you say десять хвилин (“ten minutes”).

Can you move вже or change word order in this sentence?

Yes, Ukrainian is relatively flexible. All these are correct and maintain the same meaning:

• Я вже чекаю друга десять хвилин.
• Вже десять хвилин я чекаю друга.
• Я чекаю друга десять хвилин вже.
  Each variant shifts emphasis slightly but is grammatically fine.

How would you ask “How long have you been waiting?” in Ukrainian?

You can say:

• Скільки часу ти чекаєш? (“How much time are you waiting [i.e. for]?”)
• Скільки часу ти вже чекаєш? (adding вже for “have already been waiting”)