Learn Hardcore Ukrainian: Я ще не вмився.

Ще is an adverb meaning “still” or “yet.” Together with не, ще emphasizes that the action hasn’t happened up to now. So Я ще не вмився literally means “I still haven’t washed (myself).”

Why is вмився reflexive, and what does the “-ся” ending indicate?

The ending -ся makes вмився a reflexive verb, indicating the subject performs the action on themselves. Here, it means “to wash oneself.” Without -ся, вмити could mean “to wash something,” but вмитися means “to wash oneself.”

What tense and aspect is вмився, and why is it used here?

Вмився is past tense, perfective aspect. The perfective aspect indicates a completed action. Even with the negation не, the speaker uses perfective because they refer to the entire action of washing (which has not been completed).

How would a female speaker say this sentence?

A female speaker would use the feminine past ending -лася, yielding Я ще не вмилася.

Why is there no auxiliary verb like “have” in Ukrainian?