Learn Hardcore Ukrainian: Комплімент і подяка – це важливі слова у спілкуванні з друзями. - A compliment and gratitude are important words in communication with friends.

The sentence follows the "X – це Y" pattern, which is common in Ukrainian for defining or equating one idea with another. Here, комплімент і подяка (compliment and thanks) are identified as важливі слова (important words) that play a role у спілкуванні з друзями (in communication with friends). This structure essentially implies that the subject is being explained or defined by the predicate.

Why is a dash (–) used between "подяка" and "це" instead of a word like “is”?

In Ukrainian, the dash replaces the linking verb in present-tense equational sentences. Since Ukrainian often omits a verb such as “to be” in the present, the dash serves to clearly separate the subject from its definition. It emphasizes that what comes after the dash is a direct characterization or explanation of what precedes it.

Both комплімент and подяка appear in their singular forms. Why is the predicate adjective важливі in plural form?

When two singular nouns are joined by the conjunction і (and), they form a compound, plural subject. Thus, the predicate must agree in number, which is why важливі слова (important words) uses the plural adjective. This agreement reflects that the sentence is talking about two distinct items considered together.

What role does the preposition у play in the phrase у спілкуванні з друзями?

The preposition у corresponds to the English “in” and is used to indicate the setting or context—in this case, communication. У спілкуванні з друзями translates as “in communication with friends,” specifying the scenario where compliments and expressions of thanks are important. It shows the situation or environment in which these words hold their significance.

Are there any cultural or stylistic nuances associated with the vocabulary choices комплімент and подяка that an English speaker should note?

Yes. While комплімент translates to “compliment” and подяка to “thanks” or “gratitude,” their usage in Ukrainian can carry a strong cultural emphasis on politeness and maintaining friendly relations. Compliments and expressions of gratitude are valued as key components of respectful and positive communication among friends. Understanding this can help learners appreciate how language choice reflects social interaction norms in Ukrainian.