Кравець шиє підкладку.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Кравець = kra-VEHTS
• шиє = SHY-ye
• підкладку = pid-KLAD-ku

A fuller approximation in IPA is:

• Кравець /krɐˈwetsʲ/
• шиє /ˈʃɪje/
• підкладку /pidˈklɑdku/

A few helpful points:

• ш sounds like sh in shop
• є here sounds like ye
• ь is a soft sign: it does not make its own sound, but it softens the preceding consonant

So the whole sentence sounds roughly like:

kra-VEHTS SHY-ye pid-KLAD-ku

Because it is the direct object of the verb шиє (sews), so it goes into the accusative case.

The dictionary form is:

• підкладка = lining

In this sentence, it changes to:

• підкладку = lining as the object of sews

This is a normal pattern for many feminine nouns ending in -а:

• nominative: підкладка
• accusative: підкладку

So:

• Кравець = the tailor
• шиє = sews
• підкладку = a/the lining

Because it is the 3rd person singular present form of шити (to sew).

The verb pattern is:

• шити = to sew
• я шию = I sew / I am sewing
• ти шиєш = you sew
• він/вона шиє = he/she sews

The letter є often represents a ye sound. So шиє is pronounced roughly shy-ye, not shy-eh.

For English speakers, it may look unusual because the spelling reflects the verb’s conjugation pattern rather than a simple stem + ending in the way you might expect.

Yes. Шиє is present tense.

Like many Ukrainian present-tense verbs, it can translate into English in more than one way depending on context:

• Кравець шиє підкладку = The tailor sews the lining
• Кравець шиє підкладку = The tailor is sewing the lining

English forces you to choose between simple present and present continuous more often. Ukrainian usually does not make that distinction in the same way here.

Yes, кравець is a masculine noun meaning tailor.

In this sentence, it is the subject, so it is in the nominative singular:

• кравець = tailor

If you specifically want to refer to a female tailor, modern Ukrainian may use forms like:

• кравчиня = female tailor / seamstress-like feminine form

But кравець itself is the standard masculine noun.

Because Ukrainian has no articles.

English says:

• the tailor
• a tailor
• the lining
• a lining

Ukrainian simply uses:

• кравець
• підкладку

Whether it means a or the depends on context.

So Кравець шиє підкладку could mean:

• The tailor is sewing the lining
• A tailor is sewing a lining

Context tells you which is most natural.

Yes. Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English because case endings show what each word is doing.

The basic neutral order here is:

• Кравець шиє підкладку.
• The tailor sews the lining.

But you could also hear:

• Підкладку шиє кравець.
• Шиє кравець підкладку.

These versions can shift emphasis or focus. For example:

• Підкладку шиє кравець might emphasize that it is the lining that is being sewn, or that it is the tailor who is sewing it.

English usually relies more on word order; Ukrainian can rely more on endings plus intonation.

There are two main clues:

1. Verb agreement / sentence structure

   • кравець is in the nominative form, which is the usual case for the subject.

2. Case ending

   • підкладку has the accusative ending -у, which marks it as the direct object.

So even if the word order changed, the endings would still help you identify the roles.

Підкладка usually means lining, especially the inner layer of a garment such as a coat, jacket, or dress.

That makes the sentence very natural in a clothing or tailoring context:

• Кравець шиє підкладку.
• The tailor is sewing the lining.

So this is not just any random object; it is something a tailor would realistically sew as part of making or repairing clothing.

Yes. Like Ukrainian nouns in general, кравець changes by case.

In this sentence, it is nominative:

• кравець = the tailor

But in other contexts it would change. For example:

• нема кравця = there is no tailor / there is not a tailor
• бачу кравця = I see the tailor
• з кравцем = with the tailor

You do not need all the forms just to understand this sentence, but it is useful to know that both nouns and verbs change form in Ukrainian, and that is a big part of how the language works.