Фіолетова капуста сезонна.

In Ukrainian, the present tense of to be is usually omitted.

So:

Фіолетова капуста сезонна
literally looks like Purple cabbage seasonal,
but it means Purple cabbage is seasonal.

This is completely normal Ukrainian. If you wanted the past or future, you would usually include a form of бути:

• Фіолетова капуста була сезонна = Purple cabbage was seasonal
• Фіолетова капуста буде сезонна = Purple cabbage will be seasonal

Because they both agree with капуста, which is a feminine singular noun.

Ukrainian adjectives change to match the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, капуста is feminine singular, so the adjectives also take feminine singular forms:

• фіолетова = feminine form of фіолетовий
• сезонна = feminine form of сезонний

So the pattern is:

• фіолетова капуста = purple cabbage
• капуста сезонна = cabbage is seasonal

The dictionary forms are:

• фіолетовий = purple
• капуста = cabbage
• сезонний = seasonal

In dictionaries, adjectives are normally listed in the masculine singular form, which is why you may not find фіолетова or сезонна as the main entry.

In this sentence, they change form to match капуста.

All the words here are in the nominative singular.

• фіолетова капуста is the subject
• сезонна is a predicate adjective describing the subject

So this is a basic descriptive sentence:

• Фіолетова капуста = the thing being talked about
• сезонна = what is being said about it

For a learner, the important point is: this is a very normal nominative + nominative adjective structure in a present-tense sentence.

Because сезонна is not just another adjective inside the noun phrase. It is the predicate of the sentence.

There is a difference between:

• фіолетова капуста сезонна = Purple cabbage is seasonal
• сезонна фіолетова капуста = more like seasonal purple cabbage as a noun phrase

So in your sentence:

• фіолетова капуста is the full subject
• сезонна tells us something about that subject

That is why сезонна comes after the noun phrase.

Ukrainian does not have articles.

So there is no direct equivalent of English a or the in this sentence.

Depending on context, капуста could mean:

• cabbage
• a cabbage
• the cabbage

In this sentence, the meaning is probably purple cabbage in a general sense.

It can mean either, depending on context.

Very often, капуста is used as a general word for the vegetable, like English cabbage as a food category. In your sentence, that is the most natural reading:

• Фіолетова капуста сезонна = a general statement about purple cabbage

But in another context, капуста could also refer to a specific cabbage.

So the sentence most likely means something like a general fact, not a comment about one single cabbage head.

Yes, Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English, but different orders can sound more or less natural and can change the emphasis.

The given order:

Фіолетова капуста сезонна

is a clear, neutral way to say Purple cabbage is seasonal.

If you move the words around, the nuance changes. For example:

• Сезонна фіолетова капуста most naturally sounds like a noun phrase: seasonal purple cabbage
• Фіолетова капуста — сезонна adds emphasis with the dash

So yes, the order can change, but the original sentence is the safest and most straightforward version for this meaning.