Çok yaşa, yine hapşırdın.

Literally, çok yaşa means live long.

• çok = much / a lot
• yaşa = live! (imperative form of yaşamak, to live)

As a fixed expression, çok yaşa is what Turkish speakers commonly say after someone sneezes, like bless you in English.

So even though the literal meaning is live long, in everyday use it functions as the normal response to a sneeze.

Yes. In everyday Turkish, çok yaşa is a very common response when someone sneezes.

A few notes:

• It is natural and standard.
• It is not strongly religious in the way bless you may feel in English.
• It is more like a conventional social response.

So if someone sneezes, saying çok yaşa is completely appropriate.

Hapşırdın means you sneezed.

It breaks down like this:

• hapşır- = the verb stem, to sneeze
• -dı / -di / -du / -dü = past tense marker
• -n = you (second person singular)

So:

• hapşırdım = I sneezed
• hapşırdın = you sneezed
• hapşırdı = he/she/it sneezed

Because of vowel harmony and sound patterns, the tense marker appears here as -dı, giving hapşırdı, and then -n is added: hapşırdın.

Because the sneeze has just happened.

Turkish commonly uses the simple past for a completed action that the speaker directly observed. In this sentence, the person already sneezed, so hapşırdın = you sneezed is the natural form.

In English, we might also say:

• You sneezed again
• There you go sneezing again
• You’ve sneezed again

But in Turkish, hapşırdın is the straightforward and natural choice for you just sneezed.

Yine means again.

In yine hapşırdın, it modifies the verb and means you sneezed again.

Its position here is very natural:

• yine hapşırdın = you sneezed again

Turkish word order is flexible, but this is the most neutral and common order.

You may also hear other placements for emphasis, but yine hapşırdın is the best basic version for learners.

Yes, Turkish word order is flexible, but the meaning or emphasis may shift slightly.

The neutral version is:

• Yine hapşırdın.

Possible alternatives include:

• Hapşırdın yine.
• Yine sen hapşırdın. (extra emphasis on you)

These are possible, but for a learner, yine hapşırdın is the safest and most natural basic order.

Because yaşa is the imperative form, meaning live!

The expression çok yaşa is built as a kind of wish:

• yaşa! = live!
• çok yaşa! = live long!

In actual use, though, you should think of çok yaşa as a fixed phrase, not something you need to analyze every time.

In this sentence, yes: it is addressed to one person informally.

If you are speaking:

• to one person informally: Çok yaşa
• to one person formally or more than one person: Çok yaşayın

Likewise:

• hapşırdın = you sneezed (singular informal)
• hapşırdınız = you sneezed (plural or polite singular)

So a polite/plural version would be:

• Çok yaşayın, yine hapşırdınız.

It depends on tone of voice.

By itself, Çok yaşa, yine hapşırdın can sound:

• friendly and casual
• slightly amused
• lightly teasing, because of yine (again)

The word yine can make it sound like the person has sneezed multiple times, so it may carry a playful there you go again feeling.

Without a special tone, it is not automatically rude.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Çok ≈ chok
• yaşa ≈ yah-sha
• yine ≈ yee-neh
• hapşırdın ≈ hap-shur-duhn

A few important Turkish letters here:

• ç = ch as in chair
• ş = sh as in shoe
• ı = the Turkish undotted i, a sound somewhat like a relaxed uh sound, not the English ee

So hapşırdın does not sound like it has a normal English i in the last syllable.

The standard verb is hapşırmak = to sneeze.

In fast or casual speech, some vowels may sound a little different to a learner, especially the Turkish ı, but the correct standard dictionary form is:

• hapşırmak

And in this sentence:

• hapşırdın

So when writing, use hapşır-, not hapşur-.

Yes, sometimes the person who sneezed replies with a conventional expression.

A common reply is:

• Sen de gör — literally May you see it too

This is a traditional response, though not everyone uses it every time in modern casual speech.

So a possible exchange is:

• A: Çok yaşa.
• B: Sen de gör.

But many people also just say teşekkürler or nothing at all, depending on the situation.

The comma separates two parts:

• Çok yaşa — an interjection/fixed expression said after the sneeze
• yine hapşırdın — a separate comment: you sneezed again

So the comma helps show that the speaker is first saying bless you, then adding a second remark.

In speech, there is usually a short pause there.