Kuru otu çuvala koyup ambara taşıdık.

Yes:

• kuru = dry
• otu = the grass / the hay-like grass, as a direct object
• çuvala = into the sack
• koyup = putting, having put, and put
• ambara = to the barn / storehouse / granary
• taşıdık = we carried

A more literal structure is:

• Kuru otu = the dry grass
• çuvala koyup = putting it into the sack
• ambara taşıdık = we carried it to the barn

So the sentence is basically Having put the dry grass into the sack, we carried it to the barn or more naturally We put the dry grass into the sack and carried it to the barn.

Because otu is the accusative form of ot.

In Turkish, a specific/definite direct object usually takes the accusative ending. Here, the grass is a specific thing being acted on, so ot becomes otu.

• ot = grass / herb
• otu = the grass / that grass, as the object

Compare:

• Kuru ot taşıdık. = We carried dry grass.
  More general, less specific.
• Kuru otu taşıdık. = We carried the dry grass.
  A particular, identifiable dry grass.

Because Turkish often shows definiteness through case, not through an article.

In this sentence, otu is in the accusative, which strongly suggests a specific object. That is why English often translates it with the.

So even though Turkish does not have a separate word like English the, the grammar still tells you that the object is specific.

That ending is the dative case, which often means to, into, or toward.

• çuval = sack

• çuvala = to/into the sack

• ambar = barn, storehouse, granary
• ambara = to/into the barn

So:

• çuvala koymak = to put into the sack
• ambara taşımak = to carry to the barn

English uses prepositions like to or into, but Turkish often uses a case ending instead.

Koyup comes from the verb koymak = to put.

It is:

• koy- = put
• -up = a converb ending

This form links one action to the next. It often means something like:

• putting
• having put
• and then putting
• sometimes just and put

Here it shows that the first action happened before the second one:

1. put the dry grass into the sack
2. carry it to the barn

So koyup ambara taşıdık means roughly we put it in the sack and then carried it to the barn.

Because Turkish often uses the converb ending -Ip / -up / -üp / -ıp instead of a separate and.

So instead of saying something like:

• put it and carried it

Turkish often says:

• putting it, we carried it
• or more naturally in English, we put it and carried it

In this sentence, koyup is doing the job of connecting the two actions.

Taşıdık breaks down like this:

• taşı- = carry
• -dı- = past tense
• -k = we

So taşıdık means we carried.

This is why Turkish often does not need a separate subject pronoun. The verb ending already tells you who did the action.

Because Turkish usually leaves subject pronouns out when the verb already makes the subject clear.

Here, taşıdık already means we carried, so biz is unnecessary.

You could say Biz kuru otu çuvala koyup ambara taşıdık, but that would usually add emphasis, like:

• We carried the dry grass...
• As for us, we carried it...

Without biz, the sentence is more neutral and natural.

Because Turkish adjectives normally do not agree with the noun in case, number, or definiteness.

So:

• kuru ot = dry grass
• kuru otu = the dry grass
• kuru otlar = dry grasses
• kuru otları = the dry grasses

Notice that kuru stays the same every time. The endings go on the noun, not the adjective.

Because it is already understood.

The object kuru otu belongs naturally with both actions:

• put the dry grass into the sack
• carried it to the barn

Turkish often avoids repeating something that is already clear from the context. English does this too:

• We put the dry grass into the sack and carried it to the barn.

We do not repeat the dry grass twice in English either; we just say it. Turkish can leave that second object implicit.

Not completely, but this order is very natural.

Turkish word order is flexible, but the most neutral pattern is often subject/object/other elements + verb, with the main verb at the end.

Here, the sentence builds up like this:

• Kuru otu = the dry grass
• çuvala koyup = putting it into the sack
• ambara taşıdık = we carried it to the barn

So the final verb taşıdık comes at the end, which is very typical in Turkish.

You can move parts around for emphasis, but the original version sounds natural and straightforward.