Learn Hardcore Turkish: Deneyimli yönetici projeyi iyi yönetiyor. - The experienced manager is managing the project well.

Deneyimli: adjective meaning experienced, modifying the noun.
yönetici: noun meaning manager; the subject.
projeyi: the object, in accusative case (specific/definite project).
iyi: adverb meaning well.
yönetiyor: verb in present continuous (is managing), 3rd person singular. Basic Turkish word order is Subject–Object–Verb; adverbs like iyi typically come right before the verb.

Why is the object projeyi and not proje?

Because the object is specific/definite. Turkish marks a definite/specific direct object with the accusative suffix:

projeyi = the (specific) project. If the object is non-specific/indefinite, do not use the accusative:
proje yönetiyor or bir proje yönetiyor = is managing a project (non-specific). Note: bir projeyi means one particular project (specific one among several).

What does the -i on projeyi represent, and why is there a y?

The -i is the accusative suffix -(i), chosen as -i by vowel harmony because the last vowel of proje is e.
The y is a buffer letter added when the stem ends in a vowel and the suffix begins with a vowel: proje + i → projeyi. Another example: oda + ı → odayı.

What tense/aspect is yönetiyor? When would I use yönetir instead?

yönetiyor uses -(I)yor: present continuous/progressive. It describes an ongoing or currently relevant action.
yönetir is the aorist/simple present. It describes habits, general truths, or abilities (e.g., “generally manages well”).

Can -(I)yor also refer to the near future?

Yes, in planned/scheduled contexts: Gelecek ay projeyi o yönetiyor can mean “He/She is the one managing the project next month.” Context supplies the future sense.

How is yönetiyor built morphologically?

yönet- (verb root: to manage)
-iyor (present continuous; the I is i by vowel harmony with the stem’s last vowel e)
3rd person singular has no additional personal ending. Other persons: -um, -sun, -, -uz, -sunuz, -lar (the final one is optional in many contexts).

Is iyi an adverb here? Doesn’t Turkish change form like English good → well?

Yes, iyi functions as an adverb here meaning “well.” Turkish often uses the same form for adjective and adverb (e.g., hızlı = fast/quickly). Note: iyice means “thoroughly/properly,” which is a different nuance.

Can the word order change? Where else can iyi or projeyi go?

The neutral layout is as given, but you can move elements for focus/emphasis:

Projeyi iyi yönetiyor (common if the subject is understood or omitted).
İyi yönetiyor projeyi (emphasizes “well”). Placing iyi after the verb (… yönetiyor iyi) is unusual. Objects and adverbs typically precede the verb.

Is the subject definite or indefinite? How do I say “an experienced manager”?

Deneyimli yönetici is often interpreted as a specific/context-known manager. To make it clearly indefinite, say Deneyimli bir yönetici.

Deneyimli yönetici projeyi iyi yönetiyor ≈ The experienced manager is managing the project well.
Deneyimli bir yönetici projeyi iyi yönetiyor = An experienced manager is managing the project well.

What do deneyimli and yönetici come from?

deneyimli = deneyim (experience) + -li (“with”) → experienced. Opposite: deneyimsiz (inexperienced). Synonym: tecrübeli.
yönetici = yönet- (to manage) + -ici/-ci (agentive “doer”) → manager. Other agentive examples: satıcı (seller), sürücü (driver), yazıcı (printer).

Why is it -iyor in yönetiyor and -i in projeyi? Quick vowel-harmony check?

Turkish 4-way vowel harmony for the “I” in suffixes:

after a/e → i
after ı/a → ı
after o/u → u
after ö/ü → ü So:
yönet- ends with e → -iyor.
proje ends with e → -i (with buffer y).

How do I negate it or express inability?

Negation: insert -ma/-me before -(I)yor → yönetmiyor: Deneyimli yönetici projeyi iyi yönetmiyor (is not managing it well).
Inability/cannot: potential + negation → yönetemiyor (yönet-e-me-iyor): projeyi iyi yönetemiyor (cannot manage it well).

How do I make the subject plural?

Deneyimli yöneticiler projeyi iyi yönetiyor(lar). With an explicit plural subject, -lar on the verb is optional; adding it can stress plurality or clarity: both forms are acceptable.

How would I say it in past tenses?

Past continuous: yönetiyordu (was managing).
Simple past/completed: yönetti (managed).
Evidential past (reported/inferred): yönetmiş.

Any pronunciation tips for letters here?

ö (as in yönet-) is like German ö or French eu (peur).
c (as in yönetici) sounds like English j in jam.
j (as in proje) sounds like the s in vision.
Dotted i (i) and undotted ı are different letters; this sentence uses only dotted i.