Learn Hardcore Turkish: Ben çamaşırları balkonda kurutmak istiyorum. - I want to dry the laundry on the balcony.

You can drop it. The verb ending in istiyorum already shows the subject is “I.” Keeping Ben adds emphasis/contrast: “I (as opposed to others) want…”

Why is çamaşırları in the accusative (-ı)?

Because it’s a definite direct object of kurutmak (“to dry”). In Turkish, definite objects take the accusative. Compare:

Çamaşırları kurutmak istiyorum = I want to dry the laundry (a specific set).
Çamaşır kurutmak istiyorum = I want to dry laundry (indefinite).

Form: çamaşır-lar-ı (noun + plural -lar + accusative -ı; -ı matches the last vowel ı).

Could çamaşırları mean “their laundry”?

Not here. “Their laundry” as an object would be çamaşırlarını (note the extra -n- for the accusative after a possessive). Without a possessor, çamaşırları is best read as “the laundry” (definite plural object). If you want to be explicit: Onların çamaşırlarını kurutmak istiyorum.

Why plural çamaşırlar instead of singular çamaşır?

Everyday Turkish often uses the plural to refer to a batch of clothes/laundry items: çamaşırlar ≈ “the clothes/laundry (items).” Singular çamaşır can mean “laundry” in general or “underwear,” so plural avoids ambiguity.

Why balkonda with -da, not balkona with -a?

-DA is the locative (“in/at/on”), so balkonda = “on the balcony.”
-A (-(y)a) is the dative (“to/toward”), used with motion toward a place. Drying happens at a location, so locative is right. Form: balkon-da (the vowel is a because the last vowel o is back; d not t because n is voiced).

Can I move balkonda around in the sentence?

Yes. Turkish word order is flexible for emphasis:

Neutral: Çamaşırları balkonda kurutmak istiyorum.
Emphasizing place: Balkonda çamaşırları kurutmak istiyorum.
Strong focus on “on the balcony” (contrastive): Ben çamaşırları BALKONDA kurutmak istiyorum.

Why kurutmak istiyorum and not kurutmayı istiyorum?

With istemek (“to want”), the natural, default complement is the infinitive -mek/-mak: kurutmak istiyorum. Forms with the nominal -mA(y)I (e.g., kurutmayı istiyorum) exist but are uncommon or sound stiff; they’re usually reserved for emphasis or specific stylistic contexts. Use -mek/-mak in everyday speech.

What’s the difference between kurutmak and kurumak?

kurutmak = to dry something (transitive, you do the drying).
kurumak = to get dry (intransitive, it dries by itself). Your sentence means you will do the drying. If you mean “I want the laundry to dry (by itself) on the balcony,” say:
Çamaşırların balkonda kurumasını istiyorum. Here the subject of the subclause (çamaşırların) is genitive, and the verb takes -mA + (s)I(n)I.

How is istiyorum formed? Why not isteyorum?

Present continuous is -(I)yor. With vowel-final stems, the last vowel drops:

iste-
- -iyor → istiyor; then add 1sg -um → istiyorum. This is the same pattern as bekle- → bekliyorum, anla- → anlıyorum.

Where does negation go if I want to say “I don’t want to dry …”?

Negate istemek: Çamaşırları balkonda kurutmak istemiyorum. You can also negate the inner verb for a different meaning, e.g., “I want not to dry (them)”: … kurutmamak istiyorum (rare in practice; most often you negate istemek).

How do articles work here? There’s no “the” in Turkish.

Turkish has no articles. Definiteness of direct objects is mainly shown by the accusative:

çamaşır = laundry (indefinite).
çamaşırları = the laundry (definite object).

Could I just say Balkonda kurutmak istiyorum without mentioning the object?

Yes, if the object is understood from context (e.g., you were just talking about the laundry). Otherwise, it sounds incomplete or vague.

Is balkonda ever wrong if I mean “hang them on the balcony”?

If you’re emphasizing the act of moving/hanging to the balcony, you’d typically use a motion verb with dative:

Çamaşırları balkona asmak istiyorum. (“I want to hang the laundry on/to the balcony.”) If you’re talking about the state/location of drying, balkonda kurutmak is correct.

Any quick vowel-harmony tips for the suffixes here?

Plural: -lar/-ler → matches the last vowel (back a/ı/o/u → -lar; front e/i/ö/ü → -ler): çamaşır-lar.
Accusative: -(y)ı/-(y)i/-(y)u/-(y)ü → matches last vowel: çamaşır-ı → çamaşırları.
Locative: -da/-de/-ta/-te → matches front/back and voices with the final consonant: balkon-da.