Laboratuvarda radyasyon ölçümü yapılıyor.

Radiation is being measured in the laboratory.

Breakdown of Laboratuvarda radyasyon ölçümü yapılıyor.

• laboratuvar: the laboratory
• -da: in
• radyasyon: radiation
• ölçülmek: to be measured

Questions & Answers about Laboratuvarda radyasyon ölçümü yapılıyor.

What is the function of -da in Laboratuvarda, and why is it -da and not -de?

-da is the locative case suffix, equivalent to English “in,” “on,” or “at.” It attaches directly to the noun:
laboratuvar + da → Laboratuvarda (“in the laboratory”)
Vowel harmony dictates -da (back vowel variant) because the last vowel in laboratuvar is a (a back vowel). If the noun ended in a front vowel (e.g. şehir), we would use -de: şehirde (“in the city”).

Why is Laboratuvarda written as one word rather than two?

In Turkish, case and possessive suffixes attach directly to the noun without spacing. So the locative -da is appended directly to laboratuvar, forming a single word.

What does radyasyon ölçümü mean, and why isn’t ölçüm marked for case here?

radyasyon ölçümü is a compound noun meaning “radiation measurement.” In compounds, the first element (radyasyon) modifies the second (ölçüm) without any linking vowel or case marking on radyasyon.
Moreover, in this passive construction, the original object becomes the new subject and takes no accusative suffix. Thus ölçüm stays in its base form (nominative), not ölçümü with accusative.

How do we interpret yapılıyor in this sentence?

yapılıyor is the present-continuous passive form of yapmak (“to do/make”). It breaks down as:
yap- (stem) + ‑ıl- (passive marker) + ‑ıyor (present-continuous) + ∅ (3rd-person singular)
Altogether yapılıyor = “is being done.”

How is the passive voice generally formed in Turkish?

Turkish has several passive affixes; the most common are -(I)n, -ıl-, and -n-. You attach one of these to the verb stem, then add the relevant tense/aspect suffix. For yapmak (an irregular root), we use -ıl-:
yap- + ‑ıl- + tense/aspect.
For a verb like öğrenmek (“to learn”), you’d often see öğren-i̇l-(iyor) = öğreniliyor (“is being learned”).

Why is there no explicit subject in Laboratuvarda radyasyon ölçümü yapılıyor? Who is doing it?

Passive sentences in Turkish typically omit the agent (the “doer”). The focus is on the action or result, not on who performs it. It implies an indefinite “they” or “one”: “(Someone) is doing a radiation measurement in the lab.”

Could we express the same idea actively, and if so, how?

Yes. An active equivalent might be:
Laboratuvarda (biz/teknisyenler) radyasyon ölçümü yapıyoruz.
Here radyasyon ölçümü takes the accusative -ü because it’s the direct object: ölçümü, and yapıyoruz is “we are doing.”

Is the word order fixed? Can we say Radyasyon ölçümü laboratuvarda yapılıyor instead?

Turkish allows fairly flexible word order. The neutral SOV order in passive is [Object-as-Subject] – [Adverbial] – [Verb], but you can swap adverbials:
Radyasyon ölçümü laboratuvarda yapılıyor.
This still means “Radiation measurement is being done in the lab,” with a slight shift in emphasis (the focus moves to “radiation measurement”).

What’s the difference between radyasyon ölçümü (singular) and radyasyon ölçümleri (plural)?

• radyasyon ölçümü (singular) refers to “one measurement” or the act/process in general.
• radyasyon ölçümleri (plural) means “multiple measurements.”
  In passive you can use either depending on whether you mean a single measurement is being done or several.