Breakdown of Sporcular disiplinli antrenman yaparak formda kalır.
kalmak
to stay
sporcu
the athlete
disiplinli
disciplined
antrenman yapmak
to train
formda
in shape
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Questions & Answers about Sporcular disiplinli antrenman yaparak formda kalır.
What tense is kalır, and what does it express?
kalır is the aorist (geniş zaman) form of kalmak. It’s used to state general truths or habitual actions (“they stay in shape” as a rule), not something happening at this exact moment.
Why is the verb in 3rd person singular (kalır) when the subject sporcular is plural?
In Turkish general statements often use the 3rd person singular aorist. Even though sporcular is plural, kalır stays singular because it’s a generic fact: “Athletes stay in shape.”
What role does antrenman yaparak play in the sentence?
antrenman yaparak is an adverbial clause (eylemsi with the suffix -arak) meaning “by doing training.” It indicates the means or manner: “by training.”
How is yaparak formed from yapmak?
Drop -mak from yapmak, leaving yap-, then add the converb suffix -arak (chosen by vowel harmony because the last vowel in yapmak is a). Together: yap + arak = yaparak.
Why is it disiplinli antrenman and not disiplinlice antrenman?
disiplinli is an adjective formed with -li, meaning “with discipline.” It directly modifies the noun antrenman (“disciplined training”). disiplinlice would be an adverb (“in a disciplined manner”), which can modify a verb but cannot directly precede a noun.
What case is formda, and why is it used here?
formda is form (a loanword) in the locative case (-da), meaning “in (one’s) shape/condition.” Paired with kalmak, formda kalmak literally means “to remain in shape.”
What’s the difference between antrenman yaparak and antrenman yapıp?
Both are adverbial participle forms, but -arak/-erek (e.g. yaparak) emphasizes the means (“by training”), whereas -ip (e.g. yapıp) simply links actions sequentially (“train and then…”). Here you want to show how they stay fit, so -arak is the right choice.
Is the word order fixed? Could you say Disiplinli antrenman yaparak sporcular formda kalır?
Turkish has flexible word order. Moving disiplinli antrenman yaparak to the front is possible for emphasis (topic-focus), and the sentence still means the same general statement.