Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı.

The first phase of the project has been completed.

Breakdown of Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı.

• proje: the project
• tamamlanmak: to be completed
• ilk: first
• -nin: of
• aşama: the phase

Questions & Answers about Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı.

What does the suffix -in indicate in projenin?

The suffix -in is the genitive case, marking possession. Because proje (project) ends with a front vowel e, it takes the genitive suffix -nin due to vowel harmony, resulting in projenin which means of the project.

Why does aşaması carry the suffix -sı instead of a case ending?

In the genitive–possessive construction Projenin ilk aşaması, the first noun projenin takes the genitive suffix -in. The second noun aşama must then take a 3rd person singular possessive suffix -sı (becoming aşaması) to show that the phase belongs to the project. Since this possessed noun functions as the subject of the sentence, it remains in the nominative and does not take an additional case ending.

What voice and tense is tamamlandı, and how is it formed?

Tamamlandı is the simple past passive form of the verb tamamlamak (to complete). It is built from the root tamamla-, the passive suffix -n-, and the past tense suffix -dı (harmonized to -dı after a back vowel), giving tamamla + n + dı = tamamlandı, meaning it was completed or has been completed.

Why isn't there a visible subject or agent before tamamlandı?

Passive verbs in Turkish typically omit the agent, focusing on the action or result. Thus Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı means The project's first phase was completed without stating who performed the completion.

Why is there no definite article like the or indefinite article like a in this sentence?

Turkish does not use articles like English a or the. Definiteness and indefiniteness are inferred from context, quantifiers, or possessive constructions. Here, ilk aşaması (the first phase) is already definite through context and possession, so no article is needed.

Could you explain the word order in Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı?

Turkish follows Subject-Object-Verb order. In this passive sentence, there is no object. Projenin ilk aşaması acts as the subject and comes before the verb tamamlandı, yielding Subject + Verb: Projenin ilk aşaması tamamlandı.

Why is ilk used before aşaması? What’s the difference between ilk and birinci?

Both ilk and birinci mean first, but their usage differs. İlk is more idiomatic when describing the first item in a sequence or process (first phase, first step, first day), whereas birinci is often used for formal ordinal numbering (birinci, ikinci, üçüncü). Before most nouns, ilk is preferred in everyday Turkish.

What does aşama mean, and is there a nuance compared to English stage or phase?

Aşama translates as stage or phase and refers to a step in a process, project phase, or developmental stage. It is fully interchangeable with English stage or phase in most contexts and more common than the borrowing faz in everyday Turkish.