Learn Hardcore Turkish: Heyelan tehdidi altında kalan bölgeler acilen tahliye edilmeli. - Areas under the threat of landslides must be evacuated immediately.

• heyelan = landslide
• tehdidi = “the threat” (accusative of tehdit)
• altında = under (postposition + locative suffix)
• kalan = remaining / that stay (participle form of kalmak)
• bölgeler = regions / areas (plural of bölge)
So literally: “regions that remain under the threat of landslide.”

Why is “tehdidi” used instead of just “tehdit”?

Here tehdidi carries the accusative -i, marking it as a specific, definite threat (“the threat of landslide”). In compounds like “heyelan tehdidi”, the second noun often takes accusative when it’s defined by the first.

What role does “altında” play grammatically?

altında is a postposition meaning “under.” Turkish postpositions follow nouns and often take a case suffix. Here -da (with buffer n) is the locative, so “under.”

Why is “kalan” placed before “bölgeler”, and what does it mean?

kalan is the participle of “kalmak” (to stay/remain). Placed before a noun, it forms a relative clause: kalan bölgeler = “the regions that remain” or “regions located/remained.”

What does “acilen tahliye edilmeli” mean, and why this form?

• acilen = urgently (adverbial form of acil, “urgent”)
• tahliye edilmeli = “must be evacuated”
– tahliye etmek = to evacuate (active)
– tahliye edilmek = to be evacuated (passive)
– -meli = necessity suffix (“must/should”)
Combined: “should be evacuated urgently.”

How is the adverb “acilen” formed, and why does it come before the verb?

Add -en to the adjective acil to make the adverb acilen (“urgently”). In Turkish, adverbs customarily precede the verb or verbal phrase they modify.

Why is the plural “bölgeler” used instead of a singular?

The speaker refers collectively to multiple areas at risk. Turkish uses plural -ler when talking about more than one region. Even if you mean “each of the affected regions,” you still keep bölgeler plural here.

Could you rephrase the sentence in active voice?

In Turkish, evacuation is almost always described in passive. An “active” version might be “Devlet acilen heyelan tehdidi altındaki bölgeleri tahliye etmeli.”
Here Devlet (the state) is the subject, bölgeleri is the object in accusative, and tahliye etmeli remains the necessity form.