Breakdown of Karbondioksit havayı kirletir.
hava
the air
-yı
accusative
karbondioksit
the carbon dioxide
kirletmek
to pollute
Questions & Answers about Karbondioksit havayı kirletir.
Why is hava written as havayı with both a -y- and -ı at the end?
In Turkish, when you have a definite direct object (“the air”), you add the accusative suffix -ı, -i, -u or -ü to the noun. Because hava ends in a vowel (a), you need a buffer consonant -y- before the vowel suffix. So it becomes:
• hava + y + ı = havayı
This tells us “the air” is what’s being polluted.
What does the -ır in kirletir signify, and how is that verb form built?
The verb kirletir is in the simple present tense, used for general truths or habitual actions. Breakdown:
- Root: kirlet- (from kirletmek, “to make dirty/pollute”)
- Present‐tense marker: -ir (vowel-harmonized as -ir)
- Third-person singular: zero ending
So kirletir literally means “(he/she/it) pollutes / makes (something) dirty” in a general sense.
Why isn’t there a subject pronoun like o (“he/she/it”) before kirletir?
Turkish drops subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who is doing the action. Third-person singular has no extra ending, but the context makes it clear you’re talking about karbondioksit (“it”). Adding o would be grammatically correct but redundant.