Doktor panzehir hazırlıyor.

The doctor is preparing an antidote.

Breakdown of Doktor panzehir hazırlıyor.

• hazırlamak: to prepare
• doktor: the doctor
• panzehir: the antidote

Questions & Answers about Doktor panzehir hazırlıyor.

Why is there no article before doktor in Turkish?

Turkish doesn’t have an indefinite article (“a”) or a definite article (“the”). You just use the noun by itself. Context tells you if it’s “a doctor” or “the doctor.” If you really need “a doctor,” you can add bir: bir doktor. To specify “this/the doctor,” use a demonstrative like bu doktor (“this doctor”) or possessives like doktorum (“my doctor”).

Why doesn’t panzehir have an accusative suffix like -i?

In Turkish, definite (specific) direct objects take the accusative suffix -ı/-i/-u/-ü, but indefinite ones do not. Here panzehir means “an antidote” (indefinite), so it stays in the nominative. If it were “the antidote,” you’d say panzehiri.

How is the verb hazırlıyor formed?

1. Start with the infinitive hazırlamak (“to prepare”).
2. Remove -mak, giving the stem hazırla-.
3. Add the progressive suffix -yor, yielding hazırlıyor-.
4. Add the 3rd person singular ending (which is zero): hazırlıyor.

Why does the progressive suffix appear as -yor (with an “o”) instead of -ıyor/iyor/uyor/üyor?

Turkish vowel harmony for the progressive suffix works like this:

• If the verb stem ends in a vowel, you use flat -yor (with y as a buffer).
• If the stem ends in a consonant, you use -ıyor/-iyor/-uyor/-üyor, matching the last vowel of the stem.
  Since hazırla- ends with a (a vowel), it takes -yor, giving hazırlıyor.

Why is hazırlıyor at the end of the sentence?

Turkish typically follows Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order:
Doktor (Subject) + panzehir (Object) + hazırlıyor (Verb).

Do I need the pronoun o (“he/she/it”) before doktor?

No. The 3rd person singular is already marked by the verb ending (zero suffix), so adding o is redundant. You only use o doktor for emphasis or contrast.

What does panzehir literally mean in Turkish?

It’s a compound of the prefix pan- (“against”) + zehir (“poison”). So panzehir literally means “against-poison,” i.e. “antidote.”

What’s the difference between hazırlar and hazırlıyor?

• hazırlar = simple present tense (“he/she prepares,” habitual or general facts).
• hazırlıyor = present progressive (“he/she is preparing” right now).

How do I make Doktor panzehir hazırlıyor into a question?

Attach the question particle mi/mı/mu/mü after the verb as a separate word (harmonized as mu here):
Doktor panzehir hazırlıyor mu?