Toplam maliyeti hesaplarken evrak, fatura ve makbuzları incelemek gerekir.

When calculating the total cost, you need to review the documents, invoices, and receipts.

Breakdown of Toplam maliyeti hesaplarken evrak, fatura ve makbuzları incelemek gerekir.

• ve: and
• gerekmek: to be necessary
• hesaplamak: to calculate
• toplam: total
• maliyet: the cost
• incelemek: to review
• -ken: when
• evrak: the document
• fatura: the invoice
• makbuz: the receipt

Questions & Answers about Toplam maliyeti hesaplarken evrak, fatura ve makbuzları incelemek gerekir.

What does the suffix -ken in hesaplarken mean and how is it formed?

• Meaning: The -ken suffix turns a verb into an adverbial clause meaning “while doing X.”
• Formation:

1. Take the infinitive hesapla-mak.
2. Drop -mak, leaving hesapla.
3. Add the buffer consonant r (because the root ends in a vowel) plus -ken → hesapla + rken = hesaplarken.

Why is maliyet written as maliyeti here?

• Case marking: maliyeti carries the accusative -i, showing it’s a definite direct object of hesaplamak.
• Without ‑i: toplam maliyet (no suffix) would be indefinite or general (“a total cost”). With -i, it’s “the total cost” you specifically calculate.

In evrak, fatura ve makbuzları, why does only makbuzları carry the plural and object suffixes (-ları)?

Turkish allows you to attach case or possessive endings to just the last item in a list of coordinated nouns. Here:
• evrak, fatura (no suffix)
• makbuz + -lar (plural) + -ı (accusative) = makbuzları
The suffixes apply to all three items collectively.

Why is incelemek in the infinitive form, and how does it link to gerekir?

• Gerekmek (“to be necessary”) often takes a bare infinitive to express “it is necessary to do X.”
• Structure: [Verb Infinitive] + gerekir
– evrakları incelemek gerekir = “it is necessary to examine the documents.”

What is the function of gerekir here? Could we use something else?

• gerekir is an impersonal, formal way to express necessity (“it is needed/necessary”).
• Alternatives:

• lazım (colloquial): incelemek lazım
• Morphological necessity -malı/-meli: incelemeli or incelemelidir (more formal).
  Subtle nuance: gerekir often appears in written instructions or general statements.

Who is the implied subject of this sentence?

There is no explicit subject pronoun. Both clauses are impersonal:
• hesaplarken (“while one calculates…”)
• incelemek gerekir (“it is necessary to examine…”)
It means “you/one/they” in a general sense, not a specific person.

What’s the difference between evrak and belge?

• evrak: general “paperwork,” multiple documents or files.
• belge: “document” in the sense of an official certificate, proof, or record.

What’s the distinction between fatura and makbuz?

• fatura: “invoice” – a bill you receive before (or when) paying for goods or services.
• makbuz: “receipt” – proof that payment has been made.