Yoğunluk arttıkça trafik akışı yavaşlıyor.

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Questions & Answers about Yoğunluk arttıkça trafik akışı yavaşlıyor.

What does the suffix -dikçe mean in arttıkça and how does it work?

-dikçe is an adverbial clause-forming suffix that means “as/when(X) happens” or “the more X… the more…”. You attach it to a verb stem (here art- from artmak, “to increase”). So arttıkça literally means “as it increases.” In English we render the whole clause yoğunluk arttıkça as “as density increases.”


Why is arttıkça written with a double t in the middle?

This is due to consonant and vowel harmony plus assimilation:

  1. The verb stem is art- (ending in voiceless t).
  2. The suffix in its basic form is -dikçe (with voiced d).
  3. Voicing assimilation turns that d into t after the voiceless t of art-, giving arttikçe.
  4. Vowel harmony then adjusts the vowel i to ı (back vowel after t), so you get arttıkça.

Why does akış have a at the end in trafik akışı?

In Turkish noun-noun compounds expressing “A of B,” the second noun takes a third-person possessive suffix. Here akış (“flow”) becomes akışı (“its flow”), so trafik akışı literally is “the flow of traffic” (i.e. “traffic flow”).


Could we say trafik akımı instead of trafik akışı, and is there a difference?

Yes, both akış and akım can mean “flow” or “current,” but there’s a subtle nuance:

  • trafik akışı focuses on the continuous movement or passage of vehicles (“flow”).
  • trafik akımı can sound more technical or like an electrical/water “current.”
    In everyday traffic contexts, trafik akışı is more idiomatic.

What tense is yavaşlıyor, and why is the present continuous used here for a general observation?

yavaşlıyor is the third-person singular present continuous (progressive) of yavaşlamak (“to slow down”). In Turkish you often use the present continuous for ongoing processes or general truths. Here it emphasizes that the slowing-down happens as density rises. You could also say trafik akışı yavaşlar (aorist), but yavaşlıyor highlights the dynamic nature of the process.


Why isn’t there an English-style article like the or a in this Turkish sentence?
Turkish has no articles. Definiteness or indefiniteness comes from context or from suffixes (e.g. possessives, demonstratives), not from separate words like the or a. Here context makes it clear we’re talking about traffic flow in general.