Learn Hardcore Turkish: Sanatçının ekspresif tarzı, izleyicileri derinden etkiledi. - The artist's expressive style deeply impressed the audience.

Sanatçının means "of the artist." It is formed by taking the noun sanatçı (artist) and adding the genitive suffix -nın. This suffix indicates possession, showing that something belongs to the artist.

Why does the noun tarzı have a possessive ending even though sanatçının already indicates possession?

In Turkish, possession is expressed through a two-part construction. The possessor (sanatçının) is in the genitive case, and the possessed noun (tarz) takes a possessive suffix—in this case, -ı—to agree with the possessor. This double-marking clarifies ownership, meaning "the artist’s style."

How is izleyicileri constructed, and what does its suffix tell us about the direct object?

İzleyicileri comes from the noun izleyici (viewer). First, the plural marker -ler is added to form izleyiciler (viewers). Then, the definite accusative suffix -i attaches, indicating a specific or definite group. Altogether, it signifies "the viewers" as the direct object of the verb.

What is the function of derinden in this sentence, and how is it derived?

Derinden is an adverb meaning "deeply." It is derived from the adjective derin (deep) by adding the adverbial suffix, which here appears as -den (adjusted to derinden by vowel harmony). This adverb describes the manner in which the viewers were affected.

What tense is used in etkiledi, and how can you tell?

Etkiledi is in the simple past tense (geçmiş zaman). It is formed by taking the stem etkile- (to affect) and adding the past tense suffix -di, which in Turkish conveys a past action for a third person singular subject. The subject is not explicitly stated because it is understood from the context.

How does vowel harmony influence the suffixes in this sentence?

In Turkish, suffix vowels adjust to match the vowel qualities (front/back, rounded/unrounded) of the word they attach to. For example, in sanatçının, the genitive suffix -nın harmonizes with the vowels of sanatçı. Similarly, the possessive ending in tarzı and the accusative ending in izleyicileri are chosen to satisfy vowel harmony rules, ensuring smooth and natural pronunciation throughout the sentence.