Ders iptal edilmek zorunda kaldı.

The class had to be canceled.

Breakdown of Ders iptal edilmek zorunda kaldı.

• zorunda kalmak: to have to
• ders: the class
• iptal edilmek: to be canceled

Questions & Answers about Ders iptal edilmek zorunda kaldı.

What role does the phrase iptal edilmek play in this sentence?

Iptal edilmek is the passive form of the verb iptal etmek (to cancel). In this construction, it shows that the class underwent the action of being cancelled rather than actively cancelling something.

What does the expression zorunda kaldı indicate?

Zorunda kaldı literally means "had to" or "was forced to." It implies that the cancellation was not voluntary but arose out of necessity or external compulsion, stressing that the action happened because there was no other option.

How does the sentence structure convey the idea of compulsion?

The sentence combines the passive construction iptal edilmek with zorunda kaldı. This compound structure indicates that the class did not simply get cancelled—it was compelled or obliged to be cancelled due to unavoidable circumstances.

Why is no specific agent mentioned in the sentence?

Turkish passive constructions, like iptal edilmek, often omit the agent when the focus is on the event or outcome rather than on who performed the action. In this case, the emphasis is on the fact of the cancellation and its necessity, not on who cancelled the class.

Can you give an example of using zorunda kalmak with an active subject?

Certainly. For instance, if you want to say, "I had to do my homework," you would say, "Ödevimi yapmak zorunda kaldım." This construction expresses that there was an external or unavoidable reason forcing you to do your homework.