Learn Hardcore Turkish: Mühendis yeni plan yapıyor. - The engineer is making a new plan.

In yeni plan, yeni is an adjective meaning new, and plan is a noun meaning plan. Turkish typically places adjectives before the nouns they modify, following a straightforward adjective–noun order.

How is the present continuous tense formed in this sentence?

The verb yapmak (to do/make) is modified by the present continuous suffix -iyor to become yapıyor, which means is doing/making. This suffix is added to the verb stem and reflects the ongoing nature of the action as well as agreeing with the subject.

Why isn’t the direct object plan marked with an accusative suffix?

In Turkish, a direct object takes an accusative suffix (such as -ı/-i/-u/-ü) when it is definite or specifically identifiable. Since yeni plan is indefinite (meaning “a new plan”), no accusative marker is used. If it were a specific or previously mentioned plan, you might see planı instead.

What is the typical word order in Turkish, and how does it compare to English in this sentence?

Turkish typically follows a subject–object–verb (SOV) word order. In the sentence, Mühendis (subject) comes first, then yeni plan (object), and finally yapıyor (verb) appears at the end. In contrast, English generally uses a subject–verb–object (SVO) order.

Is it necessary to always include the subject in Turkish sentences, and why is it included here?

Not necessarily. Turkish verbs are conjugated to indicate the subject, so subject pronouns can often be omitted when the context makes it clear. In this sentence, however, Mühendis is explicitly stated to clearly identify who is performing the action.