Learn Hardcore Turkish: O deney dün tamamlanmış, ama sonuçlar henüz açıklanmadı. - That experiment was completed yesterday, but the results have not been announced yet.

O deney literally breaks down into o meaning “that” and deney meaning “experiment.” Turkish does not have articles like “the” or “a,” so definiteness is often indicated by context or demonstrative pronouns like o. In this sentence, o is used to point out a specific experiment, which is why it is best rendered as “that experiment.”

What does the suffix -mış in tamamlanmış indicate, and why is it used here?

The suffix -mış is used to form a past participle that indicates a completed action and often carries a sense of reported or inferred information. In tamamlanmış, it shows that the experiment has been completed, with the nuance that the speaker is reporting its completed state. This form can function like an adjective describing the state of the experiment, which is why it appears linked with the time marker dün (“yesterday”).

Why is tamamlanmış used for “was completed” instead of a straightforward past tense form like tamamlandı?

Using tamamlanmış instead of tamamlandı emphasizes the resulting state of the experiment—it’s described as already completed. While tamamlandı is the simple past form, tamamlanmış functions as a past participle or adjectival form that highlights the state arising from a completed action. Including dün (“yesterday”) clarifies the time frame, so the learner sees that the action was finished yesterday and remains as a completed state.

What does henüz mean in this sentence, and how is it used?

Henüz means “yet” or “still not” in English. In the sentence, it is used to indicate that although the experiment was completed, the results have not been announced up to the present moment. Its position before açıklanmadı (“was not announced”) underscores that the announcement is pending.

How is the negative passive form açıklanmadı constructed in Turkish?

The word açıklanmadı comes from the verb açıklanmak (“to be announced”). The negative is formed by inserting the negative suffix -ma (or -me depending on vowel harmony) into the verb before the past tense ending -dı. Thus, açıklanmadı literally means “was not announced,” using the passive voice to shift the focus from an agent performing an action to the results not being disclosed.

Can you explain the overall structure and word order of the sentence?

Certainly. The sentence is divided into two contrasting parts with ama (“but”). The first part, O deney dün tamamlanmış, follows a typical Turkish structure where the subject (O deney) comes first, followed by a time marker (dün) and then the predicate in the form of an adjective/participle (tamamlanmış) describing the state of the experiment. The second part, sonuçlar henüz açıklanmadı, starts with the subject (sonuçlar), then the adverb (henüz) modifying the verb, and finally the past negative passive (açıklanmadı). This word order is common in Turkish, where modifiers like time expressions and adverbs are placed before the verb to give clear contextual information.

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