Bugün rüzgar esiyor.

Today the wind is blowing.

Breakdown of Bugün rüzgar esiyor.

• bugün: today
• rüzgar: the wind
• esmek: to blow

Questions & Answers about Bugün rüzgar esiyor.

How is the present continuous tense formed in the sentence "Bugün rüzgar esiyor"?

In Turkish, the present continuous tense is created by removing the infinitive suffix from the verb (in this case, -mek from esmek, meaning "to blow") and adding the suffix -iyor. This forms esiyor, which translates to "is blowing" in English.

What role does Bugün play in this sentence?

Bugün means "today" and functions as an adverbial modifier that specifies the time when the action occurs. By appearing at the beginning of the sentence, it emphasizes that the event (the wind blowing) is happening on that specific day.

Why isn’t there an explicit subject pronoun before the verb?

Turkish typically omits subject pronouns because the verb ending already indicates the subject. In this sentence, rüzgar (meaning "wind") serves as the subject, and the suffix on esiyor implies a third-person singular subject. This makes an additional pronoun unnecessary.

How does the word order of this sentence compare to typical English sentences?

The sentence follows a common Turkish word order where time expressions come first, followed by the subject and then the verb (Time-Subject-Verb). In contrast, English usually uses a Subject-Verb-Object order. So while English would typically say "The wind is blowing today," Turkish prefers "Bugün rüzgar esiyor."

How can this sentence be turned into a yes/no question?

To change the sentence into a yes/no question in Turkish, you add the question particle (such as mu, mü, mu, or mı depending on vowel harmony) at the end. Therefore, Bugün rüzgar esiyor becomes Bugün rüzgar esiyor mu?, which translates to "Is the wind blowing today?"

How does vowel harmony apply in the formation of esiyor?

Turkish vowel harmony ensures that suffix vowels harmonize with the vowels in the root. Since the verb esmek contains front vowels, the continuous suffix appears as -iyor (rather than -ıyor, which would be used with back vowels). This rule keeps the pronunciation smooth and consistent within the word.