Ben yarın çalışıyorum, haftasonu ise dinleniyorum.

That’s true: Turkish usually drops subject pronouns when the verb already shows the person.

• çalışıyorum already means I am working / I work
• dinleniyorum already means I am resting / I rest

So ben is not necessary. It is included for emphasis, clarity, or contrast. A very natural version is simply:

Yarın çalışıyorum, hafta sonu ise dinleniyorum.

Yes, it is the present continuous form, but in Turkish this form is very often used for planned or arranged future actions.

So:

• Yarın çalışıyorum = I’m working tomorrow
• not necessarily I am working right now tomorrow, but it’s my plan/schedule

This is similar to English sentences like:

• I’m working tomorrow
• I’m meeting her tonight

Turkish could also use the future tense:

• Yarın çalışacağım

That sounds more like a straightforward future statement. Çalışıyorum often feels more like a decided plan.

Yes, dinlenirim is also possible, but the nuance is different.

• dinleniyorum can sound like a current routine, plan, or personal schedule
• dinlenirim sounds more general or habitual: I rest / I usually rest

So:

• Hafta sonu dinleniyorum = I’m resting on the weekend / I rest on the weekend as part of my current pattern
• Hafta sonu dinlenirim = I usually rest on the weekend

In everyday speech, Turkish often uses the present continuous for things that English might express with the simple present.

Here, ise does not mean if. In this sentence, it works as a contrast marker.

It gives a sense like:

• as for
• whereas
• on the other hand
• but

So:

• yarın çalışıyorum, hafta sonu ise dinleniyorum

feels like:

• I’m working tomorrow, but on the weekend I’m resting
• I’m working tomorrow; as for the weekend, I’m resting

It helps contrast the two time periods.

Yes. The sentence still works without it:

Ben yarın çalışıyorum, hafta sonu dinleniyorum.

That is perfectly understandable. Adding ise just makes the contrast clearer and slightly more elegant or deliberate.

Turkish often uses time expressions with no case ending when they function adverbially.

So hafta sonu can mean:

• on the weekend
• at the weekend

without needing an extra ending.

Also, the standard spelling is usually hafta sonu as two words.

A form like hafta sonunda is possible, but it has a somewhat different feel and can be more specific depending on context. In your sentence, the bare time expression hafta sonu is natural and common.

It can depend on context.

• In some situations, hafta sonu can refer to this weekend
• In other situations, it can mean on the weekend / at the weekend more generally

In your sentence, because it contrasts with yarın, many learners will understand it as a general time reference: on the weekend. If you want to be very clearly general, context usually does the job, though other expressions can also be used.

Here is the breakdown:

• çalışıyorum = çalış-

  • -ıyor
    • -um
  • çalış- = work
  • -ıyor = present continuous
  • -um = I

• dinleniyorum = dinlen-

  • -iyor
    • -um
  • dinlen- = rest
  • -iyor = present continuous
  • -um = I

So both verbs literally contain the meaning I am ...-ing.

Because these come from different verbs:

• dinlemek = to listen
• dinlenmek = to rest

So:

• dinliyorum = I am listening
• dinleniyorum = I am resting

This is a very important distinction, because they look similar but mean different things.

No, Turkish word order is fairly flexible, though some versions sound more natural depending on focus.

Your sentence is fine, but many speakers would naturally say:

Yarın çalışıyorum, hafta sonu ise dinleniyorum.

Putting the time expressions early is very common. Using ben at the beginning adds emphasis, but it is not required.

So the sentence is grammatical as given, but Turkish lets you move parts around to change emphasis.