Kabul tutanağı devreye almadan sonra imzalandı.

Because kabul tutanağı is a Turkish noun compound.

In this kind of compound, the first noun modifies the second, and the second noun usually takes a 3rd person possessive suffix:

• kabul = acceptance
• tutanak = record, report, minutes
• kabul tutanağı = acceptance report / acceptance record

So the -ı here is part of the compound structure, not just something added randomly.

Also, when tutanak takes a vowel-initial suffix, the final k softens to ğ:

• tutanak
• tutanağı

That is why you see tutanağı.

No. This is a very common point of confusion.

In kabul tutanağı, the -ı is not the accusative case. It is the possessive-type ending used in noun compounds.

So:

• kabul tutanağı = acceptance report

not

• kabul tutanağını = the acceptance report (as a definite direct object)

If this noun were the direct object of an active verb, then you might see an extra accusative ending:

• Kabul tutanağını imzaladılar.
• They signed the acceptance report.

But in your sentence, kabul tutanağı is the grammatical subject of a passive verb, so there is no accusative marker here.

Devreye almak is a fixed expression. It usually means:

• to put into operation
• to activate
• to bring online
• to commission

Depending on context, it can be used for machines, systems, software, electrical equipment, production lines, and similar things.

Literally:

• devre = circuit / system / operational cycle
• devreye almak = to take something into the circuit/system

But in real usage, it is best learned as one whole phrase, because the idiomatic meaning is more important than the literal one.

Because the expression is fixed as devreye almak.

The -ye is the dative ending. With this noun:

• devre
  • -ye → devreye

Many Turkish verbs and idioms require a particular case, and this is one of them. So learners should memorize:

• devreye almak
• devreye girmek
• devreye sokmak

rather than trying to build them word by word each time.

Usually, no. This is probably the biggest issue in the sentence.

The ending -madan / -meden normally means:

• without doing
• before doing

For example:

• Yemek yemeden çıktı.
• He left without eating.

So almadan sonra would literally suggest something like after not taking / after not putting into operation, which does not fit the intended meaning after commissioning.

If the intended meaning is after it was commissioned / after putting it into operation, more natural Turkish would be:

• Kabul tutanağı devreye alındıktan sonra imzalandı.
• The acceptance report was signed after it was commissioned.

or, if the same agent did both actions in an active sentence:

• Devreye aldıktan sonra kabul tutanağını imzaladılar.
• After putting it into operation, they signed the acceptance report.

So yes: a learner would be right to feel that almadan sonra sounds odd here.

To mean after doing, Turkish commonly uses -dıktan sonra / -dikten sonra.

Examples:

• geldikten sonra = after coming
• bitirdikten sonra = after finishing
• devreye aldıktan sonra = after putting into operation
• devreye alındıktan sonra = after it was put into operation

That means:

• -madan / -meden = without doing / before doing
• -dıktan sonra / -dikten sonra = after doing

So in your sentence, the expected form is probably devreye alındıktan sonra.

İmzalandı comes from the verb imzalamak = to sign.

It breaks down like this:

• imzala- = sign
• -n- = passive marker
• -dı = past tense

So:

• imzalandı = was signed

The passive is used when the action matters more than the person who did it, or when the doer is unknown or unimportant.

Compare:

• Kabul tutanağını imzaladılar.
• They signed the acceptance report.

with

• Kabul tutanağı imzalandı.
• The acceptance report was signed.

Grammatically, the subject is kabul tutanağı.

That may feel surprising to an English speaker, because in English we often think of the subject as the doer. But in passive sentences, the subject is usually the thing affected by the action.

So here:

• kabul tutanağı = the thing that was signed
• imzalandı = was signed

The person or people who signed it are not mentioned.

Because Turkish normally places the main finite verb at the end of the sentence.

So the general pattern is often:

• time / condition / other information
• subject / object
• verb

In your sentence, the clause about the timing comes before the final verb:

• Kabul tutanağı
• devreye alındıktan sonra
• imzalandı

This is very normal in Turkish.

Yes, Turkish word order is flexible, but not all versions sound equally natural in every context.

A more natural version of the intended sentence would often be:

• Devreye alındıktan sonra kabul tutanağı imzalandı.

This puts the time/sequence phrase first, which is very common in Turkish.

You could also say:

• Kabul tutanağı, devreye alındıktan sonra imzalandı.

Adding a comma in writing can help show that the middle phrase is giving background timing information.

Because Turkish does not have articles like the or a/an.

Whether something is understood as the acceptance report or an acceptance report depends on context, word order, and grammar.

In a sentence like this, kabul tutanağı is naturally understood as a specific document already known in the situation, so English often translates it with the:

• The acceptance report was signed...

But Turkish does not need a separate word for the.