Mutfak çok pis.

In Turkish, the verb to be is often left out in the present tense, especially in third person sentences like this one.

So:

• Mutfak çok pis. = The kitchen is very dirty.

There is no separate word for is here, but the sentence is still complete and natural in Turkish.

Compare:

• Ben yorgunum. = I am tired.
• O yorgun. = He/She is tired.

In the third person, Turkish usually uses a zero copula in the present tense.

Because here pis is not directly describing the noun inside a noun phrase. It is the predicate of the sentence.

• pis mutfak = a dirty kitchen
  
  • adjective + noun
• Mutfak pis. = The kitchen is dirty.
  
  • noun + adjective

So in Mutfak çok pis, the structure is basically:

• Mutfak = subject
• çok pis = predicate description

That is why pis comes after mutfak.

Here çok means very.

So:

• pis = dirty
• çok pis = very dirty

Çok often means very before adjectives and adverbs:

• çok güzel = very beautiful
• çok hızlı = very fast

But çok can also mean a lot / many / much in other contexts.

Yes, Mutfak pis is completely correct.

The difference is just strength:

• Mutfak pis. = The kitchen is dirty.
• Mutfak çok pis. = The kitchen is very dirty.

So çok is optional; it just adds emphasis.

Turkish does not have words exactly like English the and a/an in the same way.

So mutfak can mean:

• the kitchen
• a kitchen

The exact meaning depends on context.

In a sentence like Mutfak çok pis, English will often translate it as The kitchen is very dirty, because it usually sounds like you are talking about a specific kitchen already known in the conversation.

The most neutral order is:

• Mutfak çok pis.

Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, but changing it can change the focus or make it sound less neutral.

For example:

• Mutfak çok pis. = neutral, standard
• Çok pis mutfak. = usually means a very dirty kitchen as a noun phrase, not a full sentence
• Pis mutfak. = dirty kitchen, also just a noun phrase

So if you want the full sentence The kitchen is very dirty, Mutfak çok pis is the best basic form.

You use değil.

• Mutfak çok pis değil. = The kitchen is not very dirty.
• Mutfak pis değil. = The kitchen is not dirty.

So değil is the usual way to negate this kind of sentence with a noun or adjective predicate.

You add the question particle mi.

• Mutfak çok pis mi? = Is the kitchen very dirty?

A few useful points:

• mi is written separately
• its vowel changes by vowel harmony in other sentences (mı / mi / mu / mü)
• in speech, the intonation also helps show it is a question

No. Turkish adjectives do not agree with nouns in gender or number.

So pis stays the same:

• pis mutfak = dirty kitchen
• pis mutfaklar = dirty kitchens

And in sentences:

• Mutfak pis. = The kitchen is dirty.
• Mutfaklar pis. = The kitchens are dirty.

The adjective pis does not change.

Çok is pronounced roughly like chok.

A quick guide:

• ç = ch as in chair
• o = a clear o sound
• k = k

So:

• çok ≈ chok

And the whole sentence can be approximated like:

• Mutfak çok pis ≈ MOOT-fak chok pees

That is only an approximation, but it is a useful starting point.

Usually pis means dirty, filthy, or unclean.

In this sentence, it most naturally means physically dirty:

• Mutfak çok pis. = The kitchen is very dirty.

But pis can sometimes also be used more broadly, for example for something unpleasant, nasty, or morally dirty, depending on context. In beginner use, though, it is safest to learn it first as dirty.

No. For a very dirty kitchen, you use a noun phrase, so the adjective comes before the noun:

• çok pis mutfak = a very dirty kitchen

But for the full sentence The kitchen is very dirty, you say:

• Mutfak çok pis.

So compare:

• çok pis mutfak = a very dirty kitchen
• Mutfak çok pis. = The kitchen is very dirty

This is a very important difference in Turkish.