Fotoğraf kaydı kamera kaydından daha açık.

This is a very common Turkish structure: a noun compound.

• fotoğraf kaydı = photo record / photographic record
• kamera kaydı = camera recording / camera record

In Turkish, when one noun modifies another noun like this, the second noun usually takes a special ending, often called the compound marker or 3rd person possessive-looking suffix:

• fotoğraf + kayıt → fotoğraf kaydı
• kamera + kayıt → kamera kaydı

So this is not exactly the same as English of phrases. It is the normal way Turkish builds many noun+noun expressions.

Here, no.

Even though -ı can be the accusative in other sentences, in fotoğraf kaydı and kamera kaydı, it is part of the noun compound structure.

So in this sentence:

• fotoğraf kaydı is a complete noun phrase
• kamera kaydından is another complete noun phrase with an added case ending

A good way to tell is by the role in the sentence. Here kaydı is not a direct object; it is simply part of the noun phrase.

Because Turkish often changes a final p, ç, t, k into b, c, d, ğ/g when a vowel-initial suffix is added.

So:

• kayıt
  • -ı → kaydı

The final t becomes d.

This kind of change is very common in Turkish, and you will see it in many words.

It is the ablative ending, which often means from.

Here it is being used in a comparison:

• kamera kaydından daha açık = clearer than the camera recording

In Turkish, the thing you compare something to is usually marked with -dan / -den / -tan / -ten.

So the comparison pattern is:

• X, Y-den daha adjective
• X is more adjective than Y

In this sentence:

• fotoğraf kaydı = X
• kamera kaydından = than the camera recording
• daha açık = clearer / more clear

That n is a buffer consonant.

The form is basically:

• kaydı
  • -ndan

Because the noun already has that possessive/compound ending, Turkish inserts n before the case ending.

So:

• kaydı
• kaydı + n + dan
• kaydından

This happens often after possessive endings.

Turkish usually does it with:

• daha
  • adjective = more + adjective
• the thing being compared against takes -dan/-den

So:

• daha açık = more clear / clearer
• kamera kaydından daha açık = clearer than the camera recording

Unlike English, Turkish adjectives usually do not change form for the comparative. Turkish does not make something like açıker. It just uses daha.

Examples:

• Bu ev daha büyük. = This house is bigger.
• Bu ev o evden daha büyük. = This house is bigger than that house.

Because Turkish usually puts the predicate at the end.

This sentence is a nominal sentence with an adjective predicate:

• Fotoğraf kaydı = subject/topic
• kamera kaydından daha açık = predicate

So the adjective açık comes at the end, which is very natural in Turkish.

It is not expressed as a separate word in this kind of Turkish sentence.

In present-tense, third-person sentences, Turkish often leaves out is/are when the predicate is a noun or adjective.

So:

• Fotoğraf kaydı kamera kaydından daha açık. means
• The photo record is clearer than the camera recording.

This is normal Turkish.

If you changed the tense, you would see an actual ending or extra form:

• açıktı = was clear
• açık olacak = will be clear

Açık can mean several related things, depending on context:

• open
• clear
• light (in color)
• obvious
• uncovered
• sometimes on or available, in certain contexts

In this sentence, it does not mean literally open. It means something like:

• clearer
• possibly lighter/brighter

The exact English choice depends on the context you were given.

This is very normal in Turkish: one adjective can cover several meanings that English separates into different words.

Turkish does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So nouns often appear without any article word:

• fotoğraf kaydı
• kamera kaydı

Whether English uses a or the depends on context and translation.

Turkish can use bir to mean a/an, but it is not required in the same way English requires an article.

Not quite.

• kamera kaydından = than the camera recording / than the camera record
• kameranın kaydından = than the recording of the camera

The second one sounds more explicitly like a genitive-possessive structure: the camera's recording.

In many contexts, kamera kaydı is the more natural everyday compound for camera recording. So the sentence uses the more standard compound form.