Donationen kom igår.

Because -en is the definite article attached to the noun.

• donation = a donation
• donationen = the donation

In Swedish, the definite article is usually added to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like English the.

So Donationen kom igår literally looks like Donation-the came yesterday, but in natural English it is The donation arrived yesterday.

Swedish often puts the at the end of the noun as a suffix.

For this noun:

• en donation = a donation
• donationen = the donation

This is one of the biggest differences from English. Instead of saying a separate article before the noun, Swedish usually adds it directly to the noun.

Kom is the past tense of komma, which means to come.

• komma = to come
• kommer = come / is coming
• kom = came
• kommit = come (past participle)

So kom tells you that the action happened in the past.

Grammatically, kom literally means came, but in many contexts English would naturally translate it as arrived.

So this sentence could be understood as:

• The donation came yesterday
• The donation arrived yesterday

English often prefers arrived for things like packages, letters, money, or donations, even though Swedish still uses kom very naturally.

Igår means yesterday. It is a time adverb.

In this sentence, it comes after the verb:

• Donationen kom igår = The donation came yesterday

That word order is completely normal in Swedish. Time expressions like igår can often move around depending on what you want to emphasize.

For example, you can also say:

• Igår kom donationen

That still means The donation came yesterday, but now yesterday is emphasized more.

Yes. That is a correct Swedish sentence.

Swedish main clauses follow the V2 rule, which means the finite verb must be in the second position.

So:

• Donationen kom igår
• Igår kom donationen

Both are correct.

Notice what happens in the second version:

• Igår is first
• kom must stay second
• donationen comes after the verb

You cannot say:

• Igår donationen kom

because that breaks the V2 rule.

Because kom is the simple past, while har kommit is the present perfect.

Compare:

• Donationen kom igår = The donation came/arrived yesterday
• Donationen har kommit = The donation has come/has arrived

With a specific finished time like igår (yesterday), Swedish usually uses the simple past kom, just like English normally says arrived yesterday, not has arrived yesterday.

It is an en-word.

That is why you get:

• en donation
• donationen

If it were an ett-word, the definite form would usually end in -et instead.

Learning whether a noun is an en noun or an ett noun is important, because it affects:

• the indefinite article
• the definite ending
• adjectives and some pronouns

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Donationen ≈ doo-nah-tshoo-nen
• kom ≈ kom
• igår ≈ ee-gor

A slightly more accurate guide:

• donationen has stress on the a syllable: do-na-TION-en
• kom has a short o sound, not like English come
• igår has stress on the second syllable: i-GÅR

The letter å in igår sounds somewhat like the vowel in British English more, though not exactly.

Yes. Swedish uses kom very naturally with many kinds of subjects, not only people.

For example:

• Bussen kom sent = The bus came late
• Brevet kom idag = The letter arrived today
• Pengarna kom igår = The money arrived yesterday

So Donationen kom igår sounds normal.

Sometimes donation can refer either to:

• the gift itself, or
• the act/process of donating

But in a sentence like Donationen kom igår, the wording strongly suggests something that was received, so English would usually understand it as the donation as something that arrived.

If you wanted to be more specific in Swedish, context would usually make it clear.