Har du en sladd till? Det finns bara ett eluttag nära skrivbordet.

Because this is a yes/no question. In Swedish, yes/no questions are usually formed by putting the verb first.

• Du har en sladd. = You have a cable.
• Har du en sladd? = Do you have a cable?

So Har du en sladd till? literally follows the normal Swedish question pattern: verb + subject.

Here, en sladd till means another cable or one more cable.

The word till often means to, but in this kind of sentence it means additional / extra / one more.

Examples:

• En kopp till = one more cup
• Ett försök till = one more try
• En sladd till = another cable

So Har du en sladd till? is asking for an extra cable, not talking about direction.

Because Swedish nouns have grammatical gender, and these two nouns belong to different groups:

• en sladd
• ett eluttag

You have to learn each noun together with en or ett.

In this sentence:

• sladd is a common-gender noun, so it uses en
• eluttag is a neuter noun, so it uses ett

This also affects other forms later, such as definite forms:

• sladden = the cable
• eluttaget = the electrical outlet

Sladd usually means a cord, lead, or cable, especially one used for power or connecting devices. In everyday speech, it often sounds a bit more like a flexible cord you plug in.

Kabel is also possible in Swedish, but it can sound a bit broader or more technical depending on context.

In this sentence, sladd fits naturally because the next sentence talks about ett eluttag (a power outlet), so the idea is probably a power cord or extension cord.

Det finns means there is or there are.

So:

• Det finns bara ett eluttag = There is only one electrical outlet

This is a very common Swedish structure.

Examples:

• Det finns en bok på bordet. = There is a book on the table.
• Det finns många problem. = There are many problems.

The det here does not mean a specific it. It is just part of the expression det finns.

Because Swedish uses det finns for existence, just like English uses there is / there are.

• Det finns ett eluttag = There is an outlet
• Det är ett eluttag = It is an outlet

These mean different things.

Use det finns when you want to say that something exists or is present somewhere. Use det är when you want to identify something.

So here, the speaker means that only one outlet is available nearby, so det finns is the correct choice.

Bara means only / just.

So:

• bara ett eluttag = only one electrical outlet

Word by word:

• bara = only
• ett = a / one
• eluttag = electrical outlet

This is a normal word order in Swedish. The adverb bara comes before the noun phrase it limits.

Eluttag is a compound noun:

• el = electricity
• uttag = outlet / socket

So eluttag literally means something like electric outlet, and in natural English it is usually electrical outlet, power outlet, or socket depending on dialect.

Compound nouns are extremely common in Swedish, and they are usually written as one word.

Skrivbordet means the desk.

In Swedish, the definite article is often attached to the end of the noun:

• ett skrivbord = a desk
• skrivbordet = the desk

So nära skrivbordet simply means near the desk.

You would use det skrivbordet if you specifically meant that desk:

• nära det skrivbordet = near that desk

But in your sentence, the meaning is just the desk, so skrivbordet is correct.

Because the speaker is referring to a specific desk that both people can identify from the situation.

In Swedish, just like in English, you often use the definite form when the thing is known in context.

• nära ett skrivbord = near a desk
• nära skrivbordet = near the desk

Here it is probably the desk in the room they are talking about, so the definite form sounds natural.

Yes. A few alternatives are possible, depending on tone and style:

• Har du en sladd till? = very natural, everyday Swedish
• Har du en till sladd? = also possible, with slightly different emphasis
• Har du ytterligare en sladd? = more formal, meaning do you have an additional cable?

The version in your sentence is very idiomatic and common in speech.

Very often, yes. In this sentence, bara is the natural word.

• Det finns bara ett eluttag = There is only one outlet

Another word you may see is endast, which also means only, but it is usually more formal or written.

So:

• bara = normal everyday word
• endast = more formal

It sounds natural and conversational.

• Har du en sladd till? sounds like normal spoken Swedish.
• Det finns bara ett eluttag nära skrivbordet. also sounds natural and clear.

A native speaker might also say:

• Det finns bara ett uttag nära skrivbordet.

This drops el- because the electrical meaning is often obvious from context. But eluttag is perfectly correct and explicit.