Bonde lile lina miti mingi na kijito safi.

In Swahili, demonstratives like this/that usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• bonde lile = that valley
• literally: valley that

This is normal Swahili word order. English puts that before the noun, but Swahili usually puts it after.

Lile means that.

It is not a one-size-fits-all word, though. In Swahili, words like this and that often change to match the noun class of the noun they refer to.

Here:

• bonde = valley
• bonde belongs to noun class 5
• the matching that for this class is lile

So:

• bonde lile = that valley

If the noun belonged to a different class, the form of that would change.

Lina means it has here.

It breaks down like this:

• li- = subject marker for a class 5 noun such as bonde
• -na = a form used to express have / with

So:

• bonde lile lina... = that valley has...

Swahili does not use a separate verb exactly like English to have in the same way. Instead, possession is often expressed with these agreement markers.

Because bonde is a class 5 noun, and verbs must agree with the noun class of the subject.

So:

• bonde → class 5
• class 5 subject marker → li-

That is why you get:

• bonde lile lina = that valley has

If the subject were from another noun class, the subject marker would change.

Because miti is the plural form.

• mti = tree
• miti = trees

So:

• miti mingi = many trees

This is a common Swahili noun pattern:

• singular: m-
• plural: mi-

In Swahili, descriptive words such as adjectives and quantity words usually come after the noun.

So:

• miti mingi = many trees
• literally: trees many

This is the normal order in Swahili.

Mingi agrees with miti.

In Swahili, words like many often change form to match the noun class of the noun they describe.

Here:

• miti belongs to noun class 4
• the agreeing form of many for this class is mingi

So:

• miti mingi = many trees

Compare with other classes:

• matunda mengi = many fruits
• watu wengi = many people

The meaning is still many, but the form changes for agreement.

Kijito means small stream, brook, or little river/creek, depending on context.

It comes from the ki- noun class, which often includes objects, tools, languages, and also some diminutive meanings. In many words, ki- can give a sense of smallness, and kijito often has that idea of a small watercourse.

So in this sentence, kijito is a stream or little stream.

Because adjectives usually follow the noun in Swahili.

So:

• kijito safi = a clean stream
• literally: stream clean

This is standard Swahili word order.

Not every adjective behaves the same way in Swahili.

Some adjectives clearly show noun-class agreement, but others are more invariable in everyday use. Safi is commonly used without changing form, so:

• kijito safi = clean stream
• maji safi = clean water
• nguo safi = clean clothes

So even though Swahili often has agreement, safi is one of the words learners often see staying the same.

Here na means and.

So:

• miti mingi na kijito safi = many trees and a clean stream

In other contexts, na can also mean with, so learners often meet it in both meanings. But in this sentence, it is simply joining two things together:

1. miti mingi
2. kijito safi

No separate article is used here.

Swahili normally does not have articles that work like English a/an/the. Whether something is a valley, the valley, a stream, or the stream is usually understood from context.

So:

• bonde lile already means something like that valley
• kijito safi can mean a clean stream or the clean stream, depending on context

English requires articles, but Swahili usually does not.

A helpful breakdown is:

• Bonde lile = that valley
• lina = has
• miti mingi = many trees
• na = and
• kijito safi = a clean stream

So the full structure is:

• [Subject] + [has] + [thing 1] + and + [thing 2]

That gives:

• Bonde lile lina miti mingi na kijito safi.
• That valley has many trees and a clean stream.

Yes.

The verb lina covers both nouns that follow it. So the meaning is:

• That valley has many trees
• and
• (it has) a clean stream

Swahili does not need to repeat the verb here. English works the same way:

• The valley has many trees and a clean stream.

You do not need to say has twice.