Nitasukuma troli huku Asha akisoma orodha ya vitu vya kununua.

It breaks down like this:

• ni- = I
• -ta- = future tense marker, will
• sukuma = push

So nitasukuma literally means I will push.

Swahili does not use articles like a, an, or the.

So troli can mean:

• a trolley
• the trolley
• simply trolley/cart

The exact meaning depends on context.

Here huku means something like:

• while
• as
• meanwhile

It connects two actions that happen at the same time.

So in this sentence, huku introduces the action that happens simultaneously with nitasukuma troli.

Be careful: huku can also mean this side / here in other contexts, but that is not its role here.

After huku, Swahili often uses the -ki- form to show a simultaneous action.

So:

• akisoma = while she is reading
• anasoma = she is reading

In this sentence, Asha akisoma is the natural way to say while Asha reads / is reading as another action is happening.

It breaks down like this:

• a- = she/he
• -ki- = marker often used for while, when, or if, depending on context
• soma = read

So akisoma here means while she is reading.

Because the subject is Asha, we understand a- as she.

No. The subject can stay the same, or it can change.

In this sentence the subjects are different:

• Nitasukuma = I will push
• Asha akisoma = while Asha is reading

So the sentence means that I do one action while Asha does another.

Literally, it is:

• orodha = list
• ya vitu = of things
• vya kununua = for buying / to buy

So the whole phrase is a list of things to buy.

A very literal translation would be a list of things for buying.

These are agreement forms that match the noun class of the noun before them.

• orodha takes ya
• vitu takes vya

So:

• orodha ya vitu = list of things
• vitu vya kununua = things to buy

This is a very common feature of Swahili grammar: connecting words change form to agree with the noun class.

Kununua is the infinitive, equivalent to to buy.

It is built from:

• ku- = infinitive marker, like to
• nunua = buy

So vitu vya kununua means things to buy.

No, troli is a loanword, ultimately from English trolley.

Loanwords are very common in modern Swahili, especially for newer objects or ideas. Even when a word is borrowed, it still fits into Swahili grammar.

Yes, it often can.

You can say:

• Nitasukuma troli huku Asha akisoma orodha ya vitu vya kununua.

Or you could also put the huku part first for emphasis:

• Huku Asha akisoma orodha ya vitu vya kununua, nitasukuma troli.

Both express the idea of two actions happening at the same time, though the first version is very natural and straightforward.

No. The -ki- form can have several meanings depending on context, such as:

• while
• when
• if

For example:

• Akienda, nitabaki hapa. = If/when she goes, I will stay here.
• Akiimba, watu wanafurahi. = When/while she sings, people are happy.

In your sentence, because of huku and the overall meaning, while is the best interpretation.