Learn Hardcore Swahili: Foleni barabarani inachukua muda mrefu kila asubuhi. - The queue on the road takes a long time every morning.

foleni is a noun (class 9/10) that generally means queue or in everyday Swahili traffic jam. Here it refers to the line-up of vehicles on the road.

Why does barabarani end with -ni, and what does that suffix do?

The -ni suffix is the locative marker. It turns barabara (road) into barabarani, meaning on the road or in the road area. It tells you where the jam is happening.

How is the verb inachukua constructed, and what does each piece mean?

Breakdown of inachukua:

i-: subject prefix for noun class 9 (foleni)
-na-: present tense/aspect marker
chukua: verb root meaning take
So i + na + chukua = “it takes.”

Is inachukua present continuous or habitual?

Swahili’s present marker -na- covers both continuous and habitual senses. In this sentence it expresses a habitual fact: every morning the traffic jam takes a long time.

What does muda mrefu mean, and why isn’t there an article like a or the?

muda mrefu literally means time long, i.e. a long time. Swahili does not use articles; context tells you whether it’s indefinite or definite.

What does kila mean, and why is asubuhi singular?

kila means every. It always takes a singular noun—so kila asubuhi = every morning, never plural.

Can kila asubuhi move to the beginning of the sentence?

Yes. You can front time expressions freely:
Kila asubuhi, foleni barabarani inachukua muda mrefu.
The meaning remains the same.

How do I say “takes a very long time” if I want to intensify muda mrefu?

Add sana (“very”) after the adjective phrase:
Foleni barabarani inachukua muda mrefu sana kila asubuhi.

How would I turn this into a yes/no question?

Optionally add je at the start as a question marker:
Je, foleni barabarani inachukua muda mrefu kila asubuhi?
Or simply use rising intonation and punctuation:
Foleni barabarani inachukua muda mrefu kila asubuhi?