Mimi ninampa mwalimu kitabu.

I give the teacher a book.

Breakdown of Mimi ninampa mwalimu kitabu.

• mimi: I
• kitabu: the book
• mwalimu: the teacher
• kumpa: to give

Questions & Answers about Mimi ninampa mwalimu kitabu.

Why is the subject pronoun Mimi explicitly stated even though the verb already indicates the subject?

In Swahili, subject pronouns like Mimi (I) are optional because the verb prefix already tells you who is acting. However, they are often included to add emphasis, clarify who is performing the action, or provide contrast in context.

How is the indirect object—the teacher—indicated in this sentence?

The indirect object is signaled in two ways. First, the verb ninampa includes the object marker m-, which denotes that the recipient is a person. Second, the noun mwalimu (teacher) explicitly identifies the recipient. This dual marking is a common feature in Swahili to ensure clarity.

What does the verb ninampa reveal about the tense and the action?

The verb breaks down as follows: ni- is the subject prefix meaning “I”, na- is the present tense (or habitual aspect) marker, and pa is the root meaning “give.” Together, they form a present action, conveying that “I give” or “I am giving” depending on context.

How does the object marker within ninampa interact with the noun mwalimu?

The object marker m- in ninampa functions as a pronoun referring to a person, which in this case is clarified by the following noun mwalimu. Essentially, the marker sets up the role of the indirect object, while the noun specifies who that person is—the teacher.

What role does kitabu play in the sentence, and how does its placement compare to English word order?

Kitabu means “book” and serves as the direct object of the verb pa. Its placement at the end of the sentence mirrors the English structure “I give the teacher a book,” maintaining a subject–verb–indirect object–direct object order.