Changamoto ni ngumu.

Challenge is difficult.

Breakdown of Changamoto ni ngumu.

• ni: to be
• ngumu: difficult
• changamoto: the challenge

Questions & Answers about Changamoto ni ngumu.

What does changamoto mean in this sentence?

Changamoto translates to challenge in English. It refers to a problem or difficult task that one might face.

What is the role of the word ni in the sentence?

The word ni acts as the linking verb or copula, equivalent to "is" in English. It connects the subject (changamoto) to the predicate adjective (ngumu).

What does ngumu mean, and how is it used here?

Ngumu means hard or difficult. In this sentence, it is used as a predicate adjective to describe the nature of the challenge.

Why doesn’t the adjective ngumu have any additional inflection or prefix to show agreement with changamoto?

In Swahili, when an adjective follows the copula (ni) in a predicative structure, it often appears in its basic form without additional agreement markers—even if, in attributive positions, adjectives might take prefixes that agree with the noun class of the noun they describe.

How would you form a negative version of this sentence, meaning “The challenge is not difficult”?

To negate the sentence, you replace ni with si, the negative copula. The negative sentence becomes: Changamoto si ngumu.