Learn Hardcore Swahili: Shule ya sekondari yetu imepata vifaa vipya, lakini baadhi vimeharibika kabla hatujaanza kuvitumia. - Our secondary school has received new equipment, but some got broken before we started using them.

It means "Our secondary school." Here, shule translates to "school," sekondari means "secondary," and yetu translates as "our."

How is the verb imepata formed and what does it indicate?

Imepata comes from the root kupata (to get or obtain) and is in the perfect tense. The prefix ime- is used with singular subjects (in this case, referring to the school) to indicate a completed action. Therefore, it means "has gotten" or "has obtained."

What role do vifaa vipya play in this sentence?

Vifaa means "equipment" or "materials," and vipya is the corresponding adjective meaning "new." In Swahili, adjectives agree with the noun they describe; here, both words belong to the same noun class (class 8), which is why vipya is used with vifaa.

What does the phrase baadhi vimeharibika mean?

Baadhi means "some," referring to a portion of the items. Vimeharibika means "were damaged" in the perfect tense for nouns in class 8. Together, they convey that some of the equipment was damaged.

How does kabla hatujaanza kuvitumia function in the sentence?

Kabla means "before." The phrase hatujaanza kuvitumia breaks down as follows: hatujaanza means "we have not started" (with the negative marker ha- and the subject tu-), and kuvitumia is the infinitive form meaning "to use them" with the object marker vi- referring back to vifaa. Thus, this segment indicates that the equipment was damaged before we started using it.

Why is the object marker vi- used in kuvitumia?

In Swahili, verbs can include object markers to refer to a previously mentioned noun. Here, vi- corresponds to vifaa, which belongs to noun class 8. So, kuvitumia literally means "to use them," with them being the equipment.

How does the word lakini connect the two parts of the sentence?

Lakini means "but" and is used to introduce a contrasting idea. It connects the positive information that the school has received new equipment with the negative fact that some of this equipment was already damaged before it could be put to use.

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