Juma ni busara sana.

to be

Breakdown of Juma ni busara sana.

• Juma: Juma
• sana: very
• busara: wise

Questions & Answers about Juma ni busara sana.

What does "ni" mean in this sentence, and why is it used here?

In Swahili, "ni" functions as a copula, equivalent to the English verb "is." It links the subject "Juma" with the predicate "busara sana" to form an equative sentence. Unlike English, where the verb “to be” varies with subject and tense, Swahili consistently uses "ni" in this type of descriptive statement.

What is the meaning of "busara," and how does it work within the sentence?

"Busara" literally means "wisdom." In this sentence, it is used in a predicative way to describe Juma. Although it’s a noun, the context implies a quality—so we understand that Juma possesses wisdom, translating naturally to "Juma is very wise." This reflects a common feature in Swahili where nouns conveying qualities serve as predicates.

What role does "sana" play in the sentence?

"Sana" is an intensifier in Swahili, meaning "very." When combined with "busara," it emphasizes the extent of wisdom attributed to Juma. Therefore, "busara sana" indicates that Juma possesses an exceptional amount of wisdom, hence the translation "very wise."

Why does the sentence translate to "Juma is very wise" instead of "Juma is very wisdom"?

Although "busara" literally means "wisdom," Swahili often employs nouns to describe qualities in a predicative position. In English, qualities are typically expressed using adjectives. To convey the intended meaning appropriately, translators render "busara" as "wise" rather than the literal noun "wisdom," resulting in the natural-sounding sentence "Juma is very wise."

How does this sentence illustrate typical Swahili sentence structure compared to English?

The sentence follows the standard Swahili pattern: Subject → Copula → Predicate. Here, "Juma" is the subject, "ni" acts as the copulative link (or "is"), and "busara sana" is the predicate describing the subject. Unlike English, where adjectives (like "wise") directly describe a noun, Swahili often uses a noun (like "busara") modified by an intensifier ("sana") to express a similar idea. This structure showcases one of the key differences in how descriptive qualities are communicated between the two languages.