Mi profesora me hizo leer el primer párrafo en voz alta.

Me refers to the person who was made to do the reading: me.

So in Mi profesora me hizo leer..., the teacher is the one causing the action, and me is the person affected by that action.

A simple way to read the structure is:

• Mi profesora = the person who caused it
• me = the person who had to do it
• hizo leer = made read / made someone read
• el primer párrafo = what was read

Because leer already has its own object (el primer párrafo), me is not the thing being read; it’s the person being made to read.

Spanish very often uses hacer + infinitive to mean make/have someone do something.

So:

• me hizo leer = she made me read

This is the most direct and natural pattern here.

You can sometimes hear hacer que + subjunctive, but that often feels less direct or more like caused someone to... rather than made someone.... In this sentence, me hizo leer is the standard, natural choice.

Because after hacer in this causative structure, the second verb normally stays in the infinitive.

So:

• hizo leer = made read
• hizo escribir = made write
• hizo repetir = made repeat

The tense is carried by hizo, not by leer.

That’s why you do not say:

• me hizo leí
• me hizo leyó

Those are incorrect here.

Hizo is the preterite form of hacer: he/she made.

The preterite is used for a completed action in the past. This sentence sounds like one specific event:

• My teacher made me read the first paragraph out loud.

If you said hacía, that would usually suggest a repeated, habitual, or background action:

• Mi profesora me hacía leer en voz alta = My teacher used to make me read out loud.

So:

• hizo = one completed event
• hacía = something repeated or ongoing in the past

Because primero shortens to primer before a singular masculine noun. This is called apocope.

So:

• el primer párrafo
• el primer día
• el primer libro

But:

• el párrafo primero is not the normal everyday order here
• la primera vez keeps primera because the noun is feminine

So primer is exactly what you expect before párrafo, which is masculine singular.

En voz alta means out loud or aloud.

Literally, it is something like in a loud/high voice.

The adjective alta agrees with voz, which is a feminine noun:

• voz = feminine
• therefore alta, not alto

So the phrase is based on the noun voz, not on the gender of the speaker.

Yes, it’s a very common fixed expression for aloud / out loud.

The normal form is:

• en voz alta

Other versions like these are not standard in normal speech:

• a voz alta
• en alta voz

So for everyday Spanish, just learn en voz alta as a set phrase.

It’s at the end because it works naturally there as an adverbial phrase describing how the reading was done.

The most natural order is:

• Mi profesora me hizo leer el primer párrafo en voz alta.

You could also say:

• Mi profesora me hizo leer en voz alta el primer párrafo.

That is possible, but many speakers prefer keeping leer el primer párrafo together, so the original version sounds smoother and more neutral.

Sometimes, yes, but it depends on context.

In Spain:

• profesor / profesora is very common for a teacher, especially in secondary school and higher levels
• maestro / maestra is more associated with primary school teachers, or with the profession more traditionally

So mi profesora sounds completely natural here. If the speaker is talking about a female teacher in general, especially beyond primary school, profesora is often the better choice.

Because the normal, neutral way to use a possessive before a noun in Spanish is:

• mi profesora
• mi libro
• mi casa

Forms like la profesora mía do exist, but they are usually more emphatic, contrastive, or stylistically marked.

So in a plain sentence like this, mi profesora is the natural choice.

No. In this sentence, I am the one doing the reading.

The structure me hizo leer means:

• she made me read

If the meaning were she read it to me, Spanish would be built differently, for example with leerme meaning read to me in the right context.

Here, though, the meaning is clear:

• the teacher caused me to read
• the first paragraph is what I read
• en voz alta tells you I read it aloud