No debería haber corrido con el suelo mojado; por eso me torcí el tobillo.

Because debería haber corrido is talking about a past action that, in hindsight, was a mistake.

• debería correr = I should run / I ought to run (present or general advice)
• debería haber corrido = I should have run / in this negative sentence, I shouldn’t have run

The structure is:

• debería
  • haber
    • past participle

So:

• No debería haber corrido = I shouldn’t have run

This is a very common way to express regret or criticism about the past.

The verb deber often means must / should / ought to depending on context.

In the conditional form debería, it usually softens the idea and often translates as should or ought to:

• Debo estudiar = I must / I have to study
• Debería estudiar = I should study

In this sentence, No debería haber corrido is a natural way to say I shouldn’t have run.

Because it comes from the verb correr (to run).

The past participle of -er and -ir verbs is usually formed with -ido:

• comer → comido
• vivir → vivido
• correr → corrido

So:

• haber corrido = to have run

Con el suelo mojado literally means with the ground/floor wet.

In natural English, you would usually translate it as:

• when the ground was wet
• with the ground wet
• on the wet ground, depending on context

Spanish often uses con in this kind of description to express accompanying circumstances:

• Con tanta gente, no podíamos entrar. = With so many people, we couldn’t go in.
• Con el suelo mojado, era peligroso correr. = With the ground wet, it was dangerous to run.

So con does not always mean a simple with in the English sense; it can introduce the situation or condition surrounding the action.

Suelo is a general word for ground or floor/surface under your feet.

Depending on context:

• el suelo = the ground / the floor
• la tierra = the earth / soil / land
• el piso = the floor, especially inside a building

In this sentence, el suelo mojado is a broad, natural way to say the ground was wet or the floor was wet. It fits both indoor and outdoor contexts better than some alternatives.

In Spain, suelo is very common for this kind of general surface meaning.

Because mojado agrees with suelo, and suelo is a masculine singular noun:

• el suelo mojado
• la calle mojada
• los suelos mojados
• las calles mojadas

Adjectives in Spanish usually agree in gender and number with the noun they describe.

This is a very common Spanish pattern for body parts.

Spanish usually uses:

• an indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos, os, les)
• plus the definite article (el, la, los, las)

So:

• me torcí el tobillo = literally I twisted myself the ankle
• natural English: I twisted my ankle

This structure is preferred in Spanish because the pronoun already shows whose body part it is.

Other examples:

• Me duele la cabeza = My head hurts
• Se rompió el brazo = He/She broke his/her arm
• Me lavé las manos = I washed my hands

Using mi tobillo is not impossible in all contexts, but here it sounds less natural than el tobillo.

Yes, but it is best understood here as part of a very common body-part construction.

The verb is torcer(se), and in this kind of sentence the me shows that the action happened to the speaker’s own body:

• me torcí el tobillo = I twisted my ankle
• se torció el tobillo = he/she twisted his/her ankle

This use is very common with injuries and bodily actions. English usually uses a possessive adjective (my ankle), but Spanish often uses the pronoun plus definite article structure instead.

Because the ankle-twisting is a completed event in the past.

• me torcí el tobillo = I twisted my ankle
• it happened once, as a specific result of running

The preterite is the normal tense for a single finished event like this.

The form torcí is the yo form of the preterite of torcer.

The accent mark shows the correct stress and also distinguishes the form.

• torcí = I twisted
• without the accent, torci would not be a correct standard form

In many preterite yo forms ending in -í, the written accent is required:

• comí
• viví
• decidí
• torcí

Por eso means that’s why, because of that, or for that reason.

It connects the two parts of the sentence:

• No debería haber corrido con el suelo mojado = I shouldn’t have run on the wet ground
• por eso me torcí el tobillo = that’s why I twisted my ankle

It is a very common connector for showing consequence.

Other examples:

• Estaba cansado; por eso me fui temprano. = I was tired; that’s why I left early.
• Llovía, por eso no salimos. = It was raining, so we didn’t go out.

The semicolon separates two closely related ideas:

1. the cause or bad decision
2. the consequence

• No debería haber corrido con el suelo mojado;
• por eso me torcí el tobillo.

A comma is also often heard or seen in less formal writing, but the semicolon makes the relationship especially clear and avoids a run-on sentence. It is a punctuation choice rather than a grammar rule specific to Spanish.

Yes. No tendría que haber corrido can also mean I shouldn’t have run.

However, no debería haber corrido is often the most direct and common way to express regret or a judgment about what was the right thing to do.

Very roughly:

• no debería haber corrido = I shouldn’t have run
• no tendría que haber corrido = I wasn’t supposed to run / I shouldn’t have had to run / I shouldn’t have run

In many contexts they overlap, but debería is usually the more straightforward choice for moral/practical advice or hindsight.

Yes, it sounds natural in Spain.

Everything in it is standard and widely used:

• No debería haber corrido = natural expression of regret
• el suelo mojado = natural vocabulary in Spain
• por eso = standard connector
• me torcí el tobillo = very natural way to talk about an injury

A native speaker in Spain might also say something like:

• No debería haber corrido con el suelo mojado; por eso me hice daño en el tobillo.
• No debería haber corrido con el suelo mojado; por eso me doblé el tobillo.

But your original sentence is perfectly good and natural.