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Apenas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy.

Apenas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy.
I barely have time to rest today.

Breakdown of Apenas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy.

yo
I
hoy
today
tener
to have
descansar
to rest
para
to
el tiempo
the time
apenas
barely
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Questions & Answers about Apenas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy.

What does the word apenas mean here?

It means “barely/hardly.” So, Apenas tengo tiempo… = “I hardly have any time…”

It does NOT mean “as soon as” in this sentence (see a later question for that other meaning).

Do I need to put no before apenas (No tengo apenas tiempo…)?
No. Apenas by itself already conveys “hardly.” In much of Latin America, Apenas tengo… is the default. In Spain, you may also hear No tengo apenas tiempo…, which is acceptable, but the simple Apenas tengo… is perfectly correct and clear everywhere.
Can apenas also mean “as soon as”? How do I tell?

Yes, apenas can mean “as soon as” when it introduces a time clause:

  • Future reference: Apenas llegue, te llamo. = “As soon as I arrive, I’ll call you.” (present subjunctive after apenas)
  • Past reference: Apenas llegó, me llamó. = “As soon as he arrived, he called me.”

In your sentence, apenas modifies how much time you have (“hardly”), not when something happens, so it’s the “barely” meaning.

Why is it para descansar and not por descansar?

Use para + infinitive to express purpose (“in order to”): tiempo para descansar = “time to rest.”
Por + infinitive usually expresses cause/reason: por descansar = “because of resting,” which would change the meaning.

Why is it the infinitive descansar and not a subjunctive clause (para que descanse)?

Because the subject is the same (“I” have time “to rest”). Spanish uses:

  • para + infinitive when the subject doesn’t change: tengo tiempo para descansar.
  • para que + subjunctive when the subject changes: Tengo tiempo para que tú descanses (“so that you rest”).
Could I say tiempo de descansar instead of tiempo para descansar?

Yes. Both are widely used: tener tiempo para + inf. and tener tiempo de + inf.
Examples:

  • No tengo tiempo para comer.
  • No tengo tiempo de comer. They’re near-equivalents; para is a bit more explicitly “purpose,” but both sound natural.
Is descansar ever reflexive (descansarme)?
Standard usage is non‑reflexive: descansar (not descansarse) for “to rest.” You may hear descansarse regionally, but in neutral Latin American Spanish, descansar is the norm: tiempo para descansar (not para descansarME).
Can I move hoy or apenas around? Does the meaning change?

You have some flexibility:

  • Hoy apenas tengo tiempo para descansar. (emphasizes “today”)
  • Apenas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy. (neutral, very common)
  • Apenas tengo hoy tiempo para descansar. (also fine)

Avoid Apenas hoy tengo tiempo… if you mean “hardly,” because it can be read as “only today do I have time,” which is a different idea.

Does Solo tengo tiempo para descansar hoy mean the same thing?

No.

  • Apenas tengo tiempo… = “I hardly have any time (to rest).” You almost have no time.
  • Solo tengo tiempo para descansar hoy = “I only have time to rest today (and not to do anything else).” You do have time, but only for resting.
Can I say Casi no tengo tiempo para descansar hoy?

Yes. Casi no (“almost not”) is very natural and means the same as apenas here. Nuance:

  • Apenas… can sound a touch more emphatic or compact.
  • Casi no… is extremely common in conversation.

Also heard regionally: Casi ni tengo tiempo…

Is Apenas y tengo tiempo… or Apenas si tengo tiempo… correct?

Regionally, yes:

  • Mexico/Central America: Apenas y tengo tiempo…
  • Also heard: Apenas sí tengo tiempo… Both mean “I barely have time,” but they’re informal/regional. Neutral pan‑Spanish: Apenas tengo tiempo…
Can I place apenas after the verb (Tengo apenas tiempo…)?
Yes: Tengo apenas tiempo para descansar hoy is correct and means the same. Apenas commonly goes before the verb, but after is fine and sometimes used for rhythm/emphasis.
Do I need to say yo?
No. Spanish normally drops subject pronouns when the verb form makes the subject clear. Apenas tengo… already implies “I.” Use Yo apenas tengo… only for emphasis or contrast.
How would I say this in the past or future?
  • Past (completed today): Apenas tuve tiempo para descansar hoy.
  • Past (ongoing/recent): Apenas he tenido tiempo para descansar hoy.
  • Future: Apenas tendré tiempo para descansar hoy.
  • Near future (very common): Apenas voy a tener tiempo para descansar hoy.
Any other natural ways to express the same idea?

Yes:

  • No me da tiempo de descansar hoy. (I don’t have enough time to rest today.)
  • Casi no tengo tiempo de/para descansar hoy.
  • A duras penas tengo tiempo para descansar hoy. (more expressive) All convey “barely any time to rest today.”
How do I pronounce the tricky parts?
  • apenas: ah-PEH-nahs (stress on PE)
  • tiempo: TYEM-po (tie as one syllable)
  • descansar: dehs-kahn-SAR (stress on SAR)
  • hoy: oy (one syllable)