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Mi abuela teje una bufanda nueva para el invierno.

Mi abuela teje una bufanda nueva para el invierno.
My grandmother knits a new scarf for the winter.
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Questions & Answers about Mi abuela teje una bufanda nueva para el invierno.

Why is the simple present tense teje used here? Shouldn't we use the present progressive está tejiendo to mean “is knitting”?

In Spanish, the simple present (presente de indicativo) like teje can serve to describe:

  1. Habitual actions or general facts (e.g. “Mi abuela teje suéteres”).
  2. Actions with a future time reference (when you add something like “para el invierno”).

Here, teje works either as a habitual (“she knits”) or as a dynamic present (“she is knitting”) that points toward winter. If you want to stress that she’s knitting right now, you can use the present progressive:
Mi abuela está tejiendo una bufanda nueva para el invierno.

Why is the adjective nueva placed after una bufanda? Can I say una nueva bufanda?
Most Spanish adjectives come after the noun. Una bufanda nueva means a brand-new scarf. If you say una nueva bufanda, it often implies “another scarf” (as in “not the old one, but a different one”). To emphasize that it’s newly made, stick with bufanda nueva.
Why do we use para el invierno instead of por el invierno or simply en invierno?
  • Para expresses purpose or deadline: “for winter” (so it’s ready by then).
  • Por would indicate duration or cause (“because of winter” or “during winter”), which isn’t the idea here.
  • En invierno means “in winter” (when winter happens). You could say
    Mi abuela teje una bufanda nueva en invierno
    to mean she habitually knits a new scarf during each winter. But para el invierno stresses the purpose (“so that she has it for winter”).
Why is it una bufanda (indefinite) but el invierno (definite)?
  • Una bufanda uses the indefinite article because it’s one unspecified, new scarf.
  • El invierno uses the definite article because seasons are viewed as definite concepts. Prepositions like para require the definite article before seasons (→ para el invierno).
What is the conjugation of tejer in the third person singular present?

Tejer is a regular -er verb. Its present indicative forms are:
yo tejo
tú tejes
él/ella/usted teje
nosotros tejemos
vosotros tejéis
ellos/ellas/ustedes tejen

Can I express the same idea in the future tense (“will knit”)?

Yes. Two common ways:

  1. Simple future:
    Mi abuela tejerá una bufanda nueva para el invierno.
  2. Periphrasis with ir + a + infinitive:
    Mi abuela va a tejer una bufanda nueva para el invierno.

Both mean “My grandmother will knit a new scarf for the winter.” The simple future sounds slightly more formal; va a tejer is very common in everyday speech.