Yo le paso mi lapicero al alcalde para que firme mi cartera nueva.

In Spanish the subject pronoun is usually optional because the verb ending tells you who the subject is.

• Yo is included here for emphasis or clarity (“I’m the one doing it”).
• You can omit yo without changing the meaning: Le paso mi lapicero al alcalde para que firme mi cartera nueva is perfectly natural.

Spanish requires an indirect object pronoun even when you name the person explicitly. This is called clitic doubling.

• le marks “to him/her.”
• al alcalde specifies exactly who that person is.
  Both together are standard and mandatory in most dialects.

Ask two simple questions:

1. What is being passed? → mi lapicero (direct object)
2. To whom is it being passed? → al alcalde (indirect object)

Only if the subject of both verbs is the same.

• para firmar
  • infinitive implies you (the speaker) will sign your wallet.
• Because you want the mayor to sign it, you need para que
  • subjunctive (firme), since the subject of pasar (yo) differs from the subject of firmar (el alcalde).

All can mean “pen,” but usage varies:

• bolígrafo is the most common term for a ballpoint pen in many countries.
• lapicero also refers to pens, especially in Latin America.
• pluma often means “fountain pen” or more literary “pen.”