Breakdown of El cajero me dio billetes nuevos que guardé en mi mochila.
yo
I
en
in
mi
my
nuevo
new
que
that
me
me
guardar
to store
la mochila
the backpack
dar
to give
el cajero
the ATM
el billete
the bill
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Questions & Answers about El cajero me dio billetes nuevos que guardé en mi mochila.
What does cajero mean here? Does it refer to the ATM?
In this sentence cajero means the bank teller (the person). An ATM is called cajero automático.
What role does me play in me dio and why is it before the verb?
Me is the indirect object pronoun meaning “to me.” In Spanish, object pronouns normally precede a conjugated verb: me dio = “he/she gave me.”
Why is the verb dio in the preterite tense rather than the present?
The preterite expresses a completed past action at a specific time. Here, dio tells us the teller gave you the bills in one past moment, not habitually.
What is a billete in Spanish? Is it the same as an English “bill”?
Yes. A billete is a banknote or “bill” (e.g. a $20 bill). In some regions you might also hear nota, but billete is the most common word for paper money.
Why does the adjective nuevos come after billetes? Could I say nuevos billetes instead?
Spanish adjectives usually follow the noun, so billetes nuevos is the neutral order. You can say nuevos billetes for emphasis or literary style, but it’s less common in everyday speech.
What function does que have in que guardé en mi mochila? Why isn’t there a comma?
Here que is a relative pronoun meaning “that” or “which.” It introduces the clause guardé en mi mochila to specify what you did with the bills. No comma is needed because it’s an essential (restrictive) clause.
Why don’t we use los guardé in the relative clause (i.e. why not que los guardé)?
In Spanish you cannot double up by using a clitic pronoun (los) inside a restrictive relative clause introduced by que. Que already stands for billetes, so you just say que guardé. If you split into two sentences, you could say “El cajero me dio billetes nuevos. Los guardé en mi mochila.”
Who is the subject of guardé, and why is it in the preterite tense?
The subject of guardé is “I” (yo). It’s in the preterite because it describes a completed past action: you put the new bills in your backpack at that moment.
Could I say en la mochila instead of en mi mochila?
Yes, en la mochila is grammatically correct if context makes clear whose backpack it is. However, en mi mochila explicitly states it was your own.