Ese pastel es esponjoso.

to be

Breakdown of Ese pastel es esponjoso.

• ese: that
• el pastel: the cake
• esponjoso: fluffy

Questions & Answers about Ese pastel es esponjoso.

What does ese mean in Ese pastel es esponjoso, and how is it different from este or aquel?

Ese is a demonstrative adjective meaning that, referring to something not too close to the speaker but possibly near the listener.

• Este = “this” (close to the speaker)
• Ese = “that” (a bit farther, near the listener)
• Aquel = “that over there” (far from both)

Why are there two consecutive es in Ese pastel es esponjoso?

They serve two different functions:

1. The -s-e at the start is part of ese (the demonstrative).
2. The second es is the third-person singular form of ser (“to be”), linking pastel to the adjective esponjoso.

Why do we use ser (es) here instead of estar (está)?

Spanish uses ser for inherent or defining qualities. Describing a cake’s spongy texture is seen as a characteristic, so you say es esponjoso rather than está esponjoso, which would imply a temporary state.

Why is the adjective esponjoso placed after pastel? Could it go before?

Most adjectives in Spanish follow the noun they modify. So you normally say pastel esponjoso. You can put an adjective before for emphasis or style (e.g., un esponjoso pastel), but the unmarked, neutral order is noun + adjective.

Why is esponjoso masculine here? What if I wanted to talk about a torta?

Adjectives in Spanish agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. Pastel is masculine singular, so you use esponjoso.

• If you say torta (a feminine word), you’d use esponjosa: Esa torta es esponjosa.

Can I omit ese and say El pastel es esponjoso, or even just Pastel es esponjoso?

• El pastel es esponjoso is perfectly fine; el is the definite article “the” (a generic statement).
• Dropping the article entirely (Pastel es esponjoso) sounds odd in standard Spanish—articles are usually required before singular, countable nouns.

Are there synonyms for esponjoso to describe a cake?

Yes. Besides esponjoso (“spongy/fluffy”), you might use:

• Suave (“soft”)
• Aireado (“airy”)
• Esponjosito (diminutive, “nice and fluffy”)

How do I pronounce esponjoso?

Phonetically: [es-pon-ˈxo-so].

• The j is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to an English h but produced farther back in the throat.
• Stress falls on the second syllable: pon.